Considerable controversy exists regarding the association between hyperuricemia and coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, we performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies to examine the controversy. Prospective cohort studies with relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CHD according to serum uric acid levels in adults were eligible. A random-effects model was used to compute the pooled risk estimate. The search yielded 29 prospective cohort studies (n = 958410 participants). Hyperuricemia was associated with increased risk of CHD morbidity (adjusted RR 1.13; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.21) and mortality (adjusted RR 1.27; 95% CI 1.16 to 1.39). For each increase of 1 mg/dl in uric acid level, the pooled multivariate RR of CHD mortality was 1.13 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.20). Dose-response analysis indicated that the combined RR of CHD mortality for an increase of 1 mg uric acid level per dl was 1.02 (95% CI 0.84 to 1.24) without heterogeneity among males (P = 0.879, I2 = 0%) and 2.44 (95% CI 1.69 to 3.54) without heterogeneity among females (P = 0.526, I2 = 0%). The increased risk of CHD associated with hyperuricemia was consistent across most subgroups. Hyperuricemia may increase the risk of CHD events, particularly CHD mortality in females.

Hypoxia, as ac haracteristic feature of solid tumor, can significantly adversely affect the outcomes of cancer radiotherapy(RT), photodynamic therapy, or chemotherapy. In this study,astrategy is developed to overcome tumor hypoxia-induced radiotherapyt olerance.S pecifically,anovel two-dimensional Pd@Au bimetallic core-shell nanostructure (TPAN) was employed for the sustainable and robust production of O 2 in long-term via the catalysis of endogenous H 2 O 2. Notably,the catalytic activity of TPAN could be enhanced via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect triggered by NIR-II laser irradiation, to enhance the O 2 production and thereby relieve tumor hypoxia. Thus,T PANc ould enhance radiotherapyo utcomes by three aspects:1)NIR-II laser triggered SPR enhanced the catalysis of TPAN to produce O 2 for relieving tumor hypoxia;2)high-Z element effect arising from Au and Pd to capture X-raye nergy within the tumor;a nd 3) TPAN affording X-ray,p hotoacoustic,a nd NIR-II laser derived photothermal imaging,f or precisely guiding cancer therapy, so as to reduce the side effects from irradiation.

Plasmon mediated photocatalysis provides a novel strategy for harvesting solar energy. Identification of rate determining step and its activation energy in plasmon mediated photocatalysis plays critical roles for understanding the contribution of hot carriers that facilitates rational designing catalysts with integrated high photo-chemical conversion efficiency and catalytic performance. However, it remains a challenge due to a lack of research tools with spatiotemporal resolution that capable of capturing intermediates. In this work, we used a single molecular fluorescence approach to investigate a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) enhanced photocatalytic reaction with sub-turnover resolution. By introducing variable temperature as an independent parameter in plasmonic photocatalysis, the activation energies of tandem reaction steps, including intermediate generation, product generation and product dissociation, were clearly differentiated, and intermediates generation was found to be the rate-limiting step. Remarkably, the cause of plasmon enhanced catalysis performance was found to be its ability of lowering the activation energy of intermediates generation. This study gives new insight into the photo-chemical energy conversion pathways in plasmon enhanced photocatalysis and sheds light on designing high performance plasmonic catalysts. File list (2) download file view on ChemRxiv Main text-20191220.docx (2.01 MiB) download file view on ChemRxiv SI-20191220.docx (2.40 MiB)

The main finding of our meta-analysis reveals that increased serum IL-6 levels may contribute to the incidence of RP in lung cancer patients, especially among Caucasians.

Hypoxia, as ac haracteristic feature of solid tumor, can significantly adversely affect the outcomes of cancer radiotherapy(RT), photodynamic therapy, or chemotherapy. In this study,astrategy is developed to overcome tumor hypoxia-induced radiotherapyt olerance.S pecifically,anovel two-dimensional Pd@Au bimetallic core-shell nanostructure (TPAN) was employed for the sustainable and robust production of O 2 in long-term via the catalysis of endogenous H 2 O 2. Notably,the catalytic activity of TPAN could be enhanced via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect triggered by NIR-II laser irradiation, to enhance the O 2 production and thereby relieve tumor hypoxia. Thus,T PANc ould enhance radiotherapyo utcomes by three aspects:1)NIR-II laser triggered SPR enhanced the catalysis of TPAN to produce O 2 for relieving tumor hypoxia;2)high-Z element effect arising from Au and Pd to capture X-raye nergy within the tumor;a nd 3) TPAN affording X-ray,p hotoacoustic,a nd NIR-II laser derived photothermal imaging,f or precisely guiding cancer therapy, so as to reduce the side effects from irradiation.

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a disease of rapid growing chickens that occurs in many avian species; it is characterized by nonvascular and nonmineralized growth plates, along with tibia bone deformation and lameness. Icariin is widely used to treat bone diseases in humans, but no report is available regarding the effectiveness of icariin against avian TD. Therefore, this study was designed to determine its effect against TD. For this purpose, a total of 180 broiler chicks were distributed into three groups including control, TD, and icariin group. Control group was given a standard normal diet, while TD and icariin groups received normal standard diet containing 50 mg/kg thiram to induce TD from days 3 to 7 after hatch. After the induction of TD, the chicks of icariin group were fed with standard normal diet by adding 10 mg/kg icariin in water. Then morphological and production parameters analysis of tibial bone indicators, physiological index changes, and gene expression were examined. The results showed that icariin administration not only decreased the mortality but also mitigated the lameness and promoted the angiogenesis, which diminished the TD lesion and significantly increased the expression of P2RX7 (P < 0.05) in TD affected thiram induced chicks. In conclusion, present findings suggest that icariin has a significant role in promoting the recovery of chicken growth plates affected by TD via regulating the P2RX7. Our findings reveal a new target for clinical treatment and prevention of TD in broiler chickens.

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Although nanozymes have been widely developed, directly utilizing light to drive catalytic reactions like natural photoenzymes still remains challenging. Here, we propose that photonanozymes (PNZs), as a novel kind of nanozyme, exclusively possess enzymemimicking activity under illumination. Only in the presence of visible light, the assynthesized TiO2 proposed in this contribution shows excellent specificity of peroxidaselike without any oxidase-or catalase-like activity. The driving force of the lightempowered peroxidase-like photonanozymatic activity is explicated in terms of the photogenerated hot charge carriers in TiO2 PNZs and the accompanied reactive oxygen species. The co-substrates for photonanozymatic reaction over TiO2 PNZs facilitate the formation of the precarious and reactive peroxo-oxygen bridge between TiO2 and H2O2, enabling the catalytic specificity. With the TiO2 PNZ-based biosensing platform for visual glucose detection exemplifying the concept of the application of PNZs, this work may evoke more inspirations to explore strategies for enlarging the scope of photoenzyme mimics.