For the rehabilitation of the single-tooth space, a number of prosthodontic techniques have been known and are well established. Fixed and removable partial dentures being the easiest are associated with the major drawbacks of loss of tooth structure and vitality. Though replaced by implant supported rehabilitations, crestal bone loss has been reported as the one of the major factor affecting the long term prognosis. Thus the main aim of the study was to assess and compare the reverberations of immediate and delayed placement of implant on crestal bone height. Material and methodology: 30 patients aged between 18-60 years were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria and divided randomly into two groups of 15 each. In Group A immediate implant placement was done while in Group B delayed implant placement was done. In both the groups, Crestal bone height (Buccolingual width + interproximal height), keratinized mucosa index, Jemt papilla fill index, Plaque index, Gingival index and Periodontal attachment levels were analyzed at baseline, after 3, 6 and 12 months. Results: The parameters were recorded and analyzed statistically. Categorical values were analyzed using mean, frequency and percentage while descriptive analysis was done using student t test. It was observed that mean changes in crestal bone height, papilla filled index, periodontal attachment levels, gingival and plaque index was statistically significant in both the groups from baseline to 12 months, while keratinized mucosa index represented no change between the two groups. Conclusion: The study came to the conclusion that placing an immediate implant rather than a delayed should be significantly preferred. Though in immediate implant placement, crestal bone is preserved and gingival architecture is prevented from collapsing along with time of treatment, preservation of aesthetics and patient comfort being the other major advantages.
Keywords: Aesthetics, Crestal Bone Height, Delayed Implant, Extraction Socket, Immediate Implant, Periodontal Parameters.
Wound healing is a process of tissue repair which involves tissue response to injury. It is a series of biological events begins as hemostasis but then involves an inflammatory responses, formation of connective tissue, covering the wound with epithelium as well as remodeling of the wound.
A troublesome dental experience usually has a negative influence on the child's behavior towards any successive dental treatment. An alternative, less traumatic method of achieving pain control is an important contribution to reduce anxiety and emotional outbursts in children. Thus, management of child during any meddling procedure becomes a challenging task. Local anesthetics play a major role in techniques used for controlling pain. Aim: The main aim and objective of the study was to compare and evaluate the efficacy of 4% articaine and 2% lignocaine in reducing pain while performing dental procedures in pediatric patients. Material and Methodology: A spilt mouth technique was conducted on 25 subjects aged 3-6 years, who visited the Family Dental Clinic, Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir for the treatment of their teeth. Subjects with deep carious lesions, grossly decayed or pain on mandibular molars (i.e where ever there was need of local anesthesia) were selected for the study. Topical application of local anesthestic spray followed by 4% articaine infiltration on one side and 2% lignocaine on other. Post treatment pain was assessed using visual analog scale.
Statistical analysis:The data collected underwent statistical analysis. Mean, frequencies, standard deviation and standard error was used to describe the descriptive analysis. Continuous variables were compared using student-t test with statistical significant p value of less than 0.05. The graphical representation of the data was done using bar diagrams. Results: Statistically significant results were obtained while comparing pain, duration and onset of action of 4% articaine and 2% lignocaine. Conclusion: Within the limitation it was concluded that 4% Articaine when used was found to be more effective and safe local anesthetic drug to be used in any aspects of dentistry and for all age groups, when compared to the properties of other local common anesthetic agents.
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