Screening for and treating asymptomatic bacteriuria are common in KTRs despite uncertainties around the benefits and harms. In an era of antimicrobial resistance, further studies are needed to address the diagnosis and management of asymptomatic bacteriuria in these patients.

The concerns generated by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are having profound impact on solid organ transplantation (SOT). Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) are currently the only measures available to contain COVID-19 in the general population and in more vulnerable recipients of any organ transplant. In this cross-sectional case control study from a patient survey undertaken in 2 transplant centers (TxC) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Italy, we aimed to appraise awareness of the NPI implemented by respective these governments. We have also evaluated the impact of COVID-19 on our kidney transplant (KT) recipients and a control group of kidney living donors (KLD). In our series, there were zero cases of COVID-19 among 111 KT recipients and 70 KLD of the control group. Demography, transplant type, immunosuppression regimes, and, importantly, the different COVID-19 prevalence in the 2 regions of the TxC did not appear to influence incidence of COVID-19 in our KT recipients. The absence of COVID-19 cases in our series was unexpected. Our findings suggest that awareness of NPI is associated with a successful containment of COVID-19 in vulnerable, immunosuppressed KT recipients.

Based on our data, the use of RKs was not a risk factor for technical graft loss and early graft function was comparable to LKs.

Background Prolonged cold ischemia is an established risk factor for poor early graft function (EGF). However, warm ischemia incurring during graft implantation has received little attention regarding its possible detrimental effect on EGF. The aim of our study was to examine the impact of recipient warm ischemia time on EGF. Material/Methods The data of 102 consecutive kidney transplants were analyzed to determine the association between duration of graft implantation time (IT) and EGF. Recipient IT groups were (GI) up to 45 min, (GII) 45–60 min, and (GIII) >60 min. EGF was categorized as immediate (IGF), slow (SGF), or delayed graft function (DGF). In recipients with IGF, graft function was further assessed by time needed for reduction in serum creatinine by 50% (SC50) of pre-transplant value, and serum creatinine on day 7 (SCD7). Results Of a total of 102 recipients, 55 (55%) were in GI, 33 (32%) were in GII, and 14 (13%) were in GIII. Factors prolonging IT were recipient body mass index (BMI) (p=0.02) and multiple arteries in donor kidneys (p<0.01). No recipients in GI had DGF or SGF, while 2 in GII had DGF, and 5 patients in GIII had poor EGF. SC50 was significantly longer in GIII and GII versus GI (40.8±42.4 and 32.8±20.4 vs. 22.2±17.2 [ p = .02, p ≤.01]), respectively. Mean SCD7 was also significantly higher in GIII and GII versus GI. The mean last serum creatinine was comparable among all groups. Conclusions IT of more than 45 min was a risk factor for poor EGF, but achieved statistical significance only when it exceeded 60 min. Longer IT also significantly slowed the fall in SC50, and led to a higher SCD7. However, poor EGF and suboptimal early SC trends had little long-term effect on serum creatinine.

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