Ab stractChemical cure resin materia.ls are generally used in the repair of dentures. Different repair resins used may yield different results. The bond strength of three autopolymerizing resins were evaluated using a torsional test method. The results showed that Palapress and Caulk resins had a higher repair strength than Rapid Repair resin .Key words: Denture repair resins, bond strength, torsion tests evaluation.(Received for publication March 1995. Revised June 1995. Accepted July 1995 Int roductionAlthough resins for denture repairs are not as extensively studied as adhesives to dentine, porcelain or enamel, the importance of denture repairs cannot be underestimated. Huggett et al. 1 cited that nearly three-quarters of a million dentures were repaired each year in England and Wales at a cost of £4 .7 million (at 1987 price) to the National Health Service (UK) and an estimated similar amount is spent by patients privately. Most of these repairs are due to failure of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) denture bases.Smith 2 noted that denture failure depends on the shape, conditions of loading, inherent residual stresses and mechanical properties of the denture base. Farmer 3 listed various clinical factors such as improperly contoured mandibular occlusal plane, high frenal attachment, incorrect occlusal schemes, heavy occlusal forces, poor adaptation of the denture base to the residual alveolar ridge and denture base thickness as primary causes of denture fractures. Vallittu et al. 4 noted that the highest incidence of denture fractures occurred between 16-36 months after being in service.The clinician must often decide whether to repair or replace the broken denture . To minimize inconvenience to the patient and save costs in the reconstruction of the dentures, quick and reliable denture repairs are often necessary. Success depends on correcting the offending clinical cause and a strong repair junction. Confidence in the repair rests on the repair resin. There is, therefore, a need to fully characterize the bond strength of the denture repair resins available in the market.The purpose of the present study was to use the torsional test proposed by Stewart et al. 5 to assess the relative merits of denture repair resins. It seeks to compare the shear bond strength of three commercially available acrylic resin denture repair materials in vitro.A torsional test was chosen as the stress exerted on the specimen has a significant shear component and is, therefore, closer to the clinical situation. The torsion specimen also has a uniform state of stress at any point on the specimen surface and this state of stress is less dependent on parallelism and specimen geometry than for diametral or three-point bending tests.
This paper examines Fichte's conception of the freedom of choice in Das System der Sittenlehre of 1798 as a solution to the dilemma posed by determinism and indeterminism. It show that Fichte does not simply affirm an indifferent power of voluntary choice, but demonstrates how such a power might co‐exist with the measure of regularity and lawfulness we normally admit of human choices. Particular choices do not occur at random, but are based on general reasons. These reasons are in turn based on the extent to which we have freely reflected on our original drive. Thus our choices can be comprehended and predicted from the point of reflection from which we choose. This does not lead to the denial of the freedom of choice, but only to rethinking it in terms of the freedom of reflection: Though we cannot choose other than what we choose from the point of reflection we occupy, we can choose other than what we choose by raising or lowering ourselves through reflection to a higher or lower point of reflection.
This essay investigates what a nuanced and revisionary interpretation of Fichte’s Critical-idealist philosophy could reveal about its impact on the philosophic thought of Friedrich Schlegel. It argues that Schlegel sees the Wissenschaftslehre through the lens of the distinction Fichte famous draws between the “spirit” (Geist) and the “letter” (Buchstaben) of a philosophy. He considers the spirit of the Wissenschaftslehre to lie in its acute awareness of its own limitation as a work of art and its letter in the deductive or demonstrative form it inevitably assumes upon being expounded. In the face of the discrepancy, Schlegel rejects the letter of the Wissenschaftslehre in favor of its spirit.
This article shows that Fichte’s ethics and theology in the Jena period are conceived in intimate connection with each other. It explores what Fichte’s theology, as it is promulgated in the “Divine Governance” essay of 1798, might tell us about his account of the ethical law’s material content, as it is expounded in the System of Ethics of the same year. It does so with the aim of defending the standard interpretation of Fichte as a staunch advocate of deontology. From the theological vantage point, a plan for the realization of the final end is laid out in and through the moral world-order. The material of our duty is signified by the place we are assigned in and through the order. On account of our lack of insight into the “higher law” through which our place in the order is determined, no abstract, discursive criterion for what we ought to do here and now is forthcoming. While Fichte characterizes ethically right actions in terms of their tendency to produce the final end, he regards them as being so in an ideal, intelligible world rather than the real, empirical one.
While Reinhold was no doubt interested in harnessing Kantian practical reason as a rational ground for our fundamental religious convictions, it remains unclear as to whether he reserves any role for theoretical or speculative reason in moral faith, and if so, what. This paper argues that he continues to assign an important role to speculative reason in the establishment and dissemination of a "religion of reason" in his efforts across three major texts of the Jena period (namely, the 1786-1787 Letters on the Kantian Philosophy, the 1789 Attempt at the New Theory of the Human Power of Representation, and the 1790 first edition of Contributions to the Correction of the Misunderstandings of Previous Philosophers) to outline a "new metaphysics" that accounts for supersensible objects (God, the soul, freedom, and the physical, the moral and the intelligible world) in terms of forms of reason. It shows how Reinhold develops a unified account of speculative and practical reason by extending the former's role to include that of producing ideas that pertain to the practical postulates and narrowing the latter's role to that of imparting objective reality and further content to the ideas.The recent surge of scholarly interest in Karl Leonhard Reinhold (1757-1823) has centered on the question of how he harnessed the Kantian practical reason to serve the most pressing needs of his time. 1 While there is no
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