The W3C Semantic Sensor Network Incubator group (the SSN-XG) produced an OWL 2 ontology to describe sensors and observations -the SSN ontology, available at http://purl.oclc.org/NET/ssnx/ssn. The SSN ontology can describe sensors in terms of capabilities, measurement processes, observations and deployments. This article describes the SSN ontology. It further gives an example and describes the use of the ontology in recent research projects.

The W3C Semantic Sensor Network Incubator group (the SSN-XG) produced an OWL 2 ontology to describe sensors and observations - the SSN ontology, available at http://purl.oclc.org/NET/ssnx/ssn. The SSN ontology can describe sensors in terms of capabilities, measurement processes, observations and deployments. This article describes the SSN ontology. It further gives an example and describes the use of the ontology in recent research projects

The joint W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) and OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) Spatial Data on the Web (SDW) Working Group developed a set of ontologies to describe sensors, actuators, samplers as well as their observations, actuation, and sampling activities. The ontologies have been published both as a W3C recommendation and as an OGC implementation standard. The set includes a lightweight core module called SOSA

Over the past few years the semantics community\ud has developed ontologies to describe concepts and relationships\ud between different entities in various application domains,\ud including Internet of Things (IoT) applications. A key problem\ud is that most of the IoT related semantic descriptions are not\ud as widely adopted as expected. One of the main concerns\ud of users and developers is that semantic techniques increase\ud the complexity and processing time and therefore they are\ud unsuitable for dynamic and responsive environments such as\ud the IoT. To address this concern, we propose IoT-Lite, an\ud instantiation of the semantic sensor network (SSN) ontology\ud to describe key IoT concepts allowing interoperability and\ud discovery of sensory data in heterogeneous IoT platforms by\ud a lightweight semantics. We propose 10 rules for good and\ud scalable semantic model design and follow them to create\ud IoT-Lite. We also demonstrate the scalability of IoT-Lite by\ud providing some experimental analysis, and assess IoT-Lite\ud against another solution in terms of round time trip (RTT)\ud performance for query-response times