These results provide the first evidence that coronary spasm is associated with inflammation of coronary adventitia and PVAT, where F-FDG PET/CT could be useful for disease activity assessment. (Morphological and Functional Change of Coronary Perivascular Adipose Tissue in Vasospastic Angina [ADIPO-VSA Trial]; UMIN000016675).
years since 1979, where almost all AMI patients in the Miyagi Prefecture have been prospectively registered. [18][19][20] In a previous report, we demonstrated the trend for increasing incidence and decreasing in-hospital mortality of AMI from 1979 Since then, we have been facing rapid social aging in Japan, where such aging should affect the actual situation of cardiovascular diseases, including AMI. Thus, in the present study, we examined the temporal age-specific trends in the incidence and inhospital mortality of AMI during the past 30 years (from 1985 to 2014) in our Miyagi AMI Registry. MethodsThe present study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine A cute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of death and a serious public health problem worldwide, especially in developed countries. 1-3 In Western countries, decreasing trends in the incidence and mortality of AMI have been reported since the 1980 s, 4-8 in association with public efforts to reduce coronary risk factors and improved critical care for AMI (e.g., reperfusion therapies). 9-11 In contrast, in Asian countries, including Japan, Taiwan and Korea, AMI has become more common because of prolonged life expectancy, rapid socioeconomic advances, and westernization of life style and diet. 12, 13 In Japan, there have been a few registry studies of AMI and most of them included a relatively small number of patients and/or a relatively short study period. 14-17 In order to elucidate the accurate trend of AMI in Japan, we have been conducting the Miyagi AMI Registry Study for 37 Background: We are now facing rapid population aging in Japan, which will affect the actual situation of cardiovascular diseases. However, age-specific trends in the incidence and mortality of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Japan remain to be elucidated.
BackgroundAlthough a significant progress has been made in the management of ischemic heart disease (IHD), the number of severe IHD patients is increasing. Thus, it is crucial to develop new, non-invasive therapeutic strategies. In the present study, we aimed to develop low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) therapy for the treatment of IHD.Methods and ResultsWe first confirmed that in cultured human endothelial cells, LIPUS significantly up-regulated mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with a peak at 32-cycle (P<0.05). Then, we examined the in vivo effects of LIPUS in a porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (n = 28). The heart was treated with either sham (n = 14) or LIPUS (32-cycle with 193 mW/cm2 for 20 min, n = 14) at 3 different short axis levels. Four weeks after the treatment, LVEF was significantly improved in the LIPUS group (46±4 to 57±5%, P<0.05) without any adverse effects, whereas it remained unchanged in the sham group (46±5 to 47±6%, P = 0.33). Capillary density in the ischemic region was significantly increased in the LIPUS group compared with the control group (1084±175 vs. 858±151/mm2, P<0.05). Regional myocardial blood flow was also significantly improved in the LIPUS group (0.78±0.2 to 1.39±0.4 ml/min/g, P<0.05), but not in the control group (0.84±0.3 to 0.97±0.4 ml/min/g). Western blot analysis showed that VEGF, eNOS and bFGF were all significantly up-regulated only in the LIPUS group.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the LIPUS therapy is promising as a new, non-invasive therapy for IHD.
Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp a murine skin graft model, 12 and inhibits tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression induced by lipopolysaccharides in a rat glioma cell line in vitro. 13 In addition, low-energy SW therapy exerts anti-inflammatory effects on orthopedic diseases, such as tendinitis, epicondylitis, plantar fasciitis and several inflammatory tendon diseases. 14 Infiltration of inflammatory cells (eg, macrophages) is critically important in wound healing after AMI, while excessive inflammatory responses deteriorates LV remodeling in the chronic phase. 15-17 In the present study, we thus examined whether SW therapy exerts beneficial anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of AMI. MethodsThe present study conforms to the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institutes ecent progress in emergency care and patient management has improved the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). 1-4 However, left ventricular (LV) remodeling after AMI still remains one of the unsolved problems. 5,6 Thus, it is crucial to develop new therapeutic strategies to suppress LV remodeling after AMI. We have developed a non-invasive angiogenic therapy with extracorporeal low-energy shock waves (SW), and have demonstrated its efficacy and safety in a porcine model of chronic myocardial ischemia 7 and patients with angina pectoris. 8,9 Furthermore, we have demonstrated that SW therapy ameliorates LV remodeling after AMI in pigs in vivo. 10,11 However, it remains to be examined whether SW therapy also exerts anti-inflammatory effects on AMI in addition to its angiogenic effects. Low-energy SW therapy suppresses the production of several cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteinases in Background: It has been previously demonstrated that extracorporeal low-energy shock-wave (SW) therapy ameliorates left ventricular (LV) remodeling through enhanced angiogenesis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in pigs in vivo. However, it remains to be examined whether SW therapy also exerts anti-inflammatory effects on AMI.
It is known that HpD is retained longer by malignant tissue than normal tissue and is therefore a useful material for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Currently, vigorous research is being conducted throughout the world to discover a new material which can have greater cancer cell affinity than hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) and will be used effectively for PDT. Investigation has been conducted to determine the spectral characteristics and cancer cell affinity of NPe6, a recently developed material. Structurally, a double bond on the D‐ring of the porphyrin ring of mono‐L‐aspartyl chlorin e6 (NPe6) has been reduced, thereby changing its spectral properties from that of HpD. This difference accounts for the stronger absorption bands in wavelengths longer than those of HpD. Furthermore, NPe6 in tumor showed stronger absorption at 660 nm than HpD. Absorption by hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood occurs at wavelengths in the range 500‐600 nm, thereby lowering light transmittance. A compound which has a strong absorption band at wavelengths longer than 600 nm and consequently is not affected by Hb will naturally be activated by light at a greater depth in tissue than compounds which do not share this characteristic. The localization of NPe6 in sarcoma and various internal organs was examined with an endoscopic spectrophotometer using an excimer dye laser. After 72 h i.v. NPe6 injection, the results indicate that NPe6 has 10 times greater uptake in malignant tissue cells than in normal organs. Based on the above observations, it was concluded that NPe6 could be effective for PDT if toxicity is low and that this compound has a high malignant tissue affinity.
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