Many surgeons apply povidone-iodine (PVP-I) to the skin around an incision before closing a wound to reduce wound infection rates. However, the effectiveness of this procedure has not been proven. Forty-seven cases of gastric surgery and 60 cases of colorectal surgery performed at Kanto Medical Center between July 2004 and December 2004 were randomly assigned to the group with PVP-I or the group without PVP-I. Wound infection and surgical site infection (SSI) rates were compared between these two groups. Applying PVP-I was effective in eliminating skin contamination, as cultures became negative in all cases after applying PVP-I. However, this study could not demonstrate the reduction of wound infection or SSI in the group with PVP-I, possibly because the number of cases in this study was too small to make a difference. Subcutaneous tissue contamination was considered a more important factor than skin contamination in causing wound infection.
Aims/Introduction Flash and continuous glucose monitoring systems are becoming prevalent in clinical practice. We directly compared a flash glucose monitoring system (FreeStyle Libre Pro [FSL ‐Pro]) with a continuous glucose monitoring system ( iP ro2) in patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods Glucose concentrations were simultaneously measured using the FSL ‐Pro, iP ro2 and self‐monitoring blood glucose in 10 patients with diabetes mellitus, and agreement among them was assessed. Results Parkes error grid analysis showed that the 92.9 and 7.1% of glucose values measured using the FSL ‐Pro fell into areas A and B, respectively, and that 96.3, 2.8 and 0.9% of those determined using iP ro2 fell into areas A, B and C, respectively. The median absolute relative differences compared with self‐monitoring blood glucose were 8.1% (3.9–12.7%) and 5.0% (2.6–9.1%) for the FSL ‐Pro and iP ro2, respectively. Analysis of 5,555 paired values showed a close correlation between FSL ‐Pro and iP ro2 glucose values (ρ = 0.96, P < 0.01). Notably, 65.3% of all glucose values were lower for the FSL ‐Pro than the iP ro2. Median glucose values also decreased by 3.3% for the FSL ‐Pro compared with the iP ro2 (177.0 [133.0–228.0] vs 183.0 [145.0–230.0] mg/dL, P < 0.01). The difference in glucose values between the two systems was more pronounced in hypoglycemia. The median absolute relative difference between FSL ‐Pro and iP ro2 during hypoglycemia was much larger than that during euglycemia and hyperglycemia. Conclusions Both the FSL ‐Pro and iP ro2 systems are clinically acceptable, but glucose values tended to be lower when measured using the FSL ‐Pro than the iP ro2. Agreement was not close between these systems during hypoglycemia.
BackgroundOxidative posttranslational modifications (OPTM) impair the function of Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium (Ca2+) ATPase (SERCA) 2 and trigger cytosolic Ca2+ dysregulation. We investigated the extent of OPTM of SERCA2 in patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM).Methods and resultsEndomyocardial biopsy (EMB) was obtained in 40 consecutive patients with NICM. Total expression and OPTM of SERCA2, including sulfonylation at cysteine-674 (S-SERCA2) and nitration at tyrosine-294/295 (N-SERCA2), were examined by immunohistochemical analysis. S-SERCA2 increased in the presence of late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. S-SERCA2/SERCA2 and N-SERCA2/SERCA2 correlated with cardiac fibrosis evaluated by Masson’s trichrome staining of EMB. SERCA2 expression modestly increased in parallel with an upward trend in OPTM of SERCA2 with aging. This tendency became prominent only in patients aged >65 years. OPTM of SERCA2 positively correlated with brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) values only in patients aged ≤65 years. Composite major adverse cardiac events (MACE) increased more in the high OPTM group of younger patients; however, MACE-free survival was similar irrespective of the extent of OPTM in older patients.ConclusionsOPTM of SERCA2 correlate with myocardial fibrosis in NICM. In younger patients, OPTM of SERCA2 correlate with elevated BNP and increased composite MACE.
Preoperative small-bowel endoscopy proved useful for diagnosing the cause of hemorrhagic lesions in the small intestine.
Aims/Introduction The importance of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease has recently been reported in the population aged ≥75 years with hypercholesterolemia. Therefore, the current status of LDL‐C management for primary prevention of coronary artery disease in patients aged ≥75 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated. Materials and Methods A total of 124 patients aged ≥75 years who had type 2 diabetes mellitus, but no coronary artery disease, were investigated. The patients' background characteristics, LDL‐C, glycemic status, ankle‐brachial index and cardio‐ankle vascular index were compared between patients taking and not taking LDL‐C‐lowering agents, such as hydroxymethylglutaryl‐CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) and ezetimibe. The details of the antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic agents used in the present study were also examined. Results LDL‐C was significantly lower in patients taking LDL‐C‐lowering agents (LDLCLT[+]) than in patients not taking them (LDLCLT[−]), although LDL‐C was maintained <120 mg/dL in both groups (93.0 mg/dL vs 102.1 mg/dL). Approximately half of the cases in the LDLCLT(+) group received moderate‐intensity statins, with pitavastatin being the most prescribed statin. Glycated hemoglobin was significantly lower in the LDLCLT(+) group than in the LDLCLT(−) group (6.9% vs 7.3%). Sodium‐glucose transporter 2 inhibitors were more frequently used in the LDLCLT(+) group than in the LDLCLT(−) group. The ankle‐brachial index/cardio‐ankle vascular index did not differ between the groups. Conclusion Low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was properly managed for primary prevention of coronary artery disease in patients aged ≥75 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus regardless of the presence or absence of LDL‐C‐lowering agents.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.