Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is often associated with a complex of behaviors in the patient which cause interference in adaptive functioning of both the patient and the patient's family. This study examined a group of children of CLBP patients, a control group of children of diabetic patients, and a general control group of children. The study supported the hypothesis that, as a group, children of CLBP patients would exhibit a higher frequency of behaviors hypothesized to be learned through observation of and interaction with a CLBP parent than would children in either of the control groups. Significant differences between the pain group and the control groups on each of the nine teacher-reported and child self-report measures were observed. Implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
This study examined 104 undergraduate college students (mean age = 19) from the Western United States regarding gender differences in their experiences of gender prejudice. Women (N=81) and men (N=22) responded to an online diary for 14 days, resulting in 1008 descriptions of events. Women reported significantly higher levels of negative affect than men during the experiences. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze event descriptions and three main themes emerged including target of the event, perpetrator and setting. Significant differences were found for target and perpetrator based upon the gender of the participant. There were also significant differences in the distribution of the type of event (gender role stereotypes, sexual objectification or demeaning events) based on the setting and target.
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