CSII usage offers significant benefits over NPH-based MDI for individuals with Type 1 diabetes, with improvement in all significant metabolic parameters as well as in patients' quality of life. Additional studies are needed to compare CSII with glargine- and detemir-based MDI.
Abbreviations: ASB, asymptomatic bacteriuria; cfu, colony-forming units; hpf, high-power field; OR, odds ratio; UTI, urinary tract infection.A table elsewhere in this issue shows conventional and Système International (SI) units and conversion factors for many substances.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria May Be Considered a Complication in Women With DiabetesOBJECTIVE -To study the prevalence of and risk factors for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in women with and without diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A total of 636 nonpregnant women with diabetes (type 1 and type 2) who were 18-75 years of age and had no abnormalities of the urinary tract, and 153 women without diabetes who were visiting the eye and trauma outpatient clinic (control subjects) were included. We defined ASB as the presence of at least 10 5 colonyforming units/ml of 1 or 2 bacterial species in a culture of clean-voided midstream urine from an individual without symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI).RESULTS -The prevalence of ASB was 26% in the diabetic women and 6% in the control subjects (P Ͻ 0.001). The prevalence of ASB in women with type 1 diabetes was 21%. Risk factors for ASB in type 1 diabetic women included a longer duration of diabetes, peripheral neuropathy, and macroalbuminuria. The prevalence of ASB was 29% in women with type 2 diabetes. Risk factors for ASB in type 2 diabetic women included age, macroalbuminuria, a lower BMI, and a UTI during the previous year. No association was evident between current HbA 1c level and the presence of ASB.CONCLUSIONS -The prevalence of ASB is increased in women with diabetes and might be added to the list of diabetic complications in these women.
The procoagulant activity of virus-infected monocytes is TF-dependent. Although influenza infection did not generate a significant reduction in clotting time, the pronounced expression of IL-6 and IL-8 may induce local and/or systemic inflammatory reactions, which may be associated with plaque rupture and atherosclerosis. The lack of production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 may even accelerate these processes.
Summary.The antibody response and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to commercially available trivalent influenza vaccine in 159 patients with diabetes mellitus was compared with response and reaction in 28 healthy volunteers. A correction for prevaccination titres was made. No differences were found between diabetic patients and control subjects with respect to antibody response to the three vaccine strains as measured by the difference between geometric mean titres of post-and prevaccination sera. In Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients the incidence of non-responders to two vaccine components was significantly increased (p< 0.05). The delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to influenza antigen was significantly decreased in patients with high concentrations of glycosylated haemoglobin (p<0.01). These findings suggest a role for impaired immune response in the increased influenza morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Implications for therapy and vaccination strategy are discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.