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Authenticity is a concept that is not seen in UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) discourse but is emphasised in Chinese ICH official discourse. An analysis of the origins, discourses, and practices of the notion of authenticity of ICH, as well as the difficulties generated from this concept, illustrates the creation of ICH in China, which mediates between local and international ideologies. This paper adopts historical and critical heritage discourse perspectives to examine cases in Yunnan Province, China, including the understandings, discourses, and practices of the idea of "authenticity" and related original ecology in regard to experts, officials, and ICH practitioners. Through the lens of authenticity, the paper illustrates the history of the complicated relationships between authenticity and ICH in the last 20 years, revealing the dynamism and difficulties in the integration of authenticity and ICH as an official discourse, and the possibilities and restrictions of reconceptualising authenticity in the current contexts of integrating culture and tourism, as well as the reform of cultural governance, in contemporary China. KEYWORDS: Intangible cultural heritage (ICH), authenticity, Yunnan, authorised heritage discourse, integration of culture and tourism in China.1. Jiang Bo 蔣波, and Wei Yanxing 韋衍行. 2019. "為什麼中國是擁有 '非遺'項目最多的國 家?" (Weishenme Zhongguo shi yongyou "feiyi" xiangmu zuiduo de guojia? Why China is the Country with the Most ICH Projects?), ICH China (中國非物質文化遺產網),

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