As independent risk factors, cellular atypia may reconfirm the importance of morphological analysis, and the TAM number may indicate the significance of TAM function in gastric adenoma.
Aim: This study aimed to investigate useful prognostic factors of immunotherapy in patients with lung cancer. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively observed 73 patients who underwent immunotherapy (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and atezolizumab) for lung cancer. The systemic inflammatory score (SIS) was calculated as the sum of the following factors scored one point each: Hemoglobin <12.5 g/dl and serum albumin <3.6 g/dl, resulting in scores of 0-2. We examined the correlation between the SIS and initial tumor response and progression-free and overall survival with other existing markers, namely tumor programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression level; neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR); modified Glasgow prognostic score; and prognostic nutritional index, etc. Results: SIS ≤1 was significantly associated with better initial tumor response. In multivariate analysis, PD-L1 expression ≥50% (p=0.010), SIS ≤1 (p=0.028) and NLR <5.6 (p=0.047) were significantly associated with longer progression-free survival, and SIS ≤1 (p=0.030) and NLR <5.6 (p=0.037) were associated with longer overall survival. Conclusion: SIS is a useful marker of the efficacy of immunotherapy that can be obtained via routine blood tests.Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate worldwide of all cancer types (1, 2). In recent years, the emergence of molecular targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has drastically changed the strategy for the treatment of advanced lung cancer. ICIs improve the overall survival (OS) of patients with lung cancer (3-5).The expression level of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor cells is determined through immunohistochemistry (IHC). PD-L1 is a significant predictive marker of ICIs; however, it is not a sufficient indicator of the efficacy of immunotherapy. Several serum-based parameters related to systemic inflammation and nutritional status of patients have been studied as predictive or prognostic markers during immunotherapy, such as the neutrophil-tolymphocyte ratio (NLR), modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) (6-8). However, the unified cutoff points for these metrics and other parameters that are more sensitive than these markers are controversial.This study aimed to investigate factors of the efficacy of immunotherapy that are readily available via routine blood tests. We focused on the combination of hemoglobin (Hb) and serum albumin levels.
Patients and MethodsThis retrospective study included consecutive patients with inoperable lung cancer who underwent monotherapy with ICIs,
Liver cirrhosis patients generally progress to liver failure. To cure this progressive disease, we developed a novel cell therapy using bone marrow cells; autologous bone marrow cell infusion (ABMi) therapy. We previously described the possible action mechanism of ABMi therapy in the cirrhotic liver, and showed the timeline and results of clinical studies of ABMi therapy. We have also carried out other clinical studies using bone marrow cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Here, we report a new randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effects of ABMi therapy. However, ABMi therapy may not be possible in patients who are unable to undergo general anesthesia; therefore, we have started to develop a next-generation stem cell therapy using cultured mesenchymal stem cells.
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