A implantação de sistemas cadastrais multifinalitários urbanos é conhecida como uma atividade altamente onerosa devido ao volume de dados coletados para se atender às diversas áreas da administração municipal. Embora essencial, a atualização desses dados torna-se também um problema, visto que em muitos casos praticamente realiza-se um recadastramento total do município, gerando altos custos e contribuindo para que a atualização em curtos períodos de tempo seja descartada, levando a administração municipal a trabalhar com dados desatualizados. Esse trabalho apresenta uma técnica de atualização, usando os conceitos existentes sobre a manipulação de imagens e banco de dados. A partir de informações sobre edificações contidas em um banco de dados cadastral, foram utilizados algoritmos de detecção de alterações entre imagens de épocas diferentes para avaliar as mudanças de área construída de cada imóvel de forma semi-automática, comparando área encontrado pelo processo detecção de alterações com o valor armazenado no banco de dados. Caso a alteração encontrada seja, relevante, a inscrição do imóvel cadastrado em questão é separada para atualização em campo.. Experimentos em duas áreas teste da cidade de Presidente Prudente mostraram uma redução de 70% no tempo utilizado para atualização dos atributos dos imóveis comparados com métodos convencionais, reduzindo também os custos operacionais da atualização, corroborando a eficiência do método na atualização de dados cadastrais.
This paper presents a methodology and all procedures used to validate it, which were executed in a physics laboratory under controlled and known conditions. The validation was based on the analyses of registered data in an image sequence and the measurements acquired by high precision sensors. This methodology intended to measure the velocity of a rigid object in linear motion with the use of an image sequence acquired by commercial digital video camera. The proposed methodology does not need a stereo pair of images to calculate the object position in the 3D space: it needs only images sequence acquired for one, only one, angle view (monocular vision). To do so, these objects need to be detected while in movement, which is conducted by the application of a segmentation technique based on the temporal average values of each pixel registered in N consecutive image frames. After detecting and framing these objects, specific points belonging to the object (pixels), on the plane image (2D coordinates or space image), are automatically chosen, which are then transformed into corresponding points in the space object (3D coordinates) by the application of collinearity equations or rational functions (proposed in this work). After obtaining the coordinates of these points in the space object that are registered in the sequence of images, the distance, in meters, covered by the object in a particular time interval may be measured and, consequently, its velocity can be calculated. The system is low cost, use only a computer (architecture Intel I3), and a webcam used to acquire the images (640 9 480, 30 fps). The complexity of the algorithm is linear, fact that allows the system to operate in real time. The results of the analyses are discussed and the advantages and disadvantages of the method are presented.
ABSTRACT:In 1919, during colonization of the West Region of São Paulo State, Brazil, the Ogassawara family built a cemetery and a school with donations received from the newspaper Osaka Mainichi Shimbum, in Osaka, Japan. The cemetery was closed by President Getúlio Vargas in 1942, during the Second World War. The architecture of the Japanese cemetery is a unique feature in Latin America. Even considering its historical and cultural relevance, there is a lack of geometric documentation about the location and features of the tombs and other buildings within the cemetery. As an alternative to provide detailed and fast georeferenced information about the a rea, it is proposed to use near vertical panoramic images taken with a digital camera with fisheye lens as the primary data followed by bundle adjustment and photogrammetric restitution. The aim of this paper is to present a feasibility study on the proposed technique with the assessment of the results with a strip of five panoramic images, taken over some graves in the Japanese cemetery. The results showed that a plant in a scale of 1:200 can be produced with photogrammetric restitution at a very low cost, when compared to topographic surveying or laser scanning. The paper will address the main advantages of this technique as well as its drawbacks, with quantitative analysis of the results achieved in this experiment.
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