Design, setting and population A French multicentric prospective case-control study with 71 mother-infant dyads having experienced a pregnancy denial versus a control group of 71 dyads.Methods Data were collected in the week after delivery using an observational leaflet and two psychiatric scales (MINI and QSSP).Main outcome measures Statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding social, demographic, medical and psychiatric data.

Background The denial of pregnancy is the non-recognition of the state of the current pregnancy by a pregnant woman. It lasts for a few months or for the whole pregnancy, with generally few physical transformations. In this study, we will consider the denial of pregnancy as a late declaration of pregnancy (beyond 20 weeks of gestation) as well as a lack of objective perceptions of this pregnancy. The main objective of this study is to explore the relationship between pregnancy denial and the development of the infant (attachment pattern of the infant, early interactions of mother-infant dyads, and early development of the infant). Methods The design is a case-control prospective study, which will compare two groups of mother-infant dyads: a “case” group with maternal denials of pregnancy and a “control” group without denials of pregnancy. A total of 140 dyads (mother + infant) will be included in this study (70 cases and 70 controls) and followed for 18 months. The setting is a national recruitment setting with 10 centers distributed all over France. The follow-up of the “cases” and the “controls” will be identical and will occur over 5 visits. It will include measures of the infant attachment pattern, the quality of early mother-infant interaction and infant development. Discussion This study aims to examine the pathogenesis of pregnancy denial as well as its consequences on early infant development and early mother-infant interaction. Trial registration Clinical Trial Number: NCT02867579 on the date of 16 August 2016 (retrospectively registered).

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