Aims and objectives The rates of healthcare‐associated infections are high around the world. Hand hygiene is considered the most effective measure to reduce the transmission of pathogens in the hospital environment. Our objective was to evaluate adherence to hand hygiene in critical units of a tertiary‐level hospital in Central‐West Brazil. Design Observational study employing cross‐sectional data. Reporting rigour was demonstrated using the STROBE checklist. Methods Observation of hand hygiene practices of 129 professionals from the health team, including nursing staff, physicians and physical therapists. Data collection was carried out using the World Health Organization form. Results A total of 3,025 hand hygiene opportunities were observed, and the overall rate of adherence was only 46.25%. There was a greater frequency of hand hygiene after risk of exposure to bodily fluids and after contact with patients, 60.80% and 53.45%, respectively. Nurses obtained a higher rate of adherence to hand hygiene (59.80%). The neonatal ICU had a higher rate of adherence to hand hygiene when compared to other sectors. Conclusions The physical structure for hand hygiene in the institution was poor, and no professionals reached the minimum time required for execution of hand hygiene techniques. There were low rates of adherence to hand hygiene by professionals at all five times and in all categories and sectors observed, which may have been influenced by poor infrastructure present in the institution. Relevance to clinical practice This study is of great relevance to patient safety, given the rates of healthcare‐associated infections worldwide, with emphasis on underdeveloped countries. It is hoped that the results of this research can guide organisations to validly and systematically evaluate adherence to hand hygiene and achieve higher rates of adherence to hand hygiene and consequently reduce the number of infections in health environments.

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Objective: to analyze factors associated with presenteeism in nursing workers with sociodemographic variables, health and work conditions, productivity and musculoskeletal symptoms. Methods: this is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, with 306 nursing workers from a hospital and municipal emergency room in a Brazilian capital. The Stanford Presenteeism Scale, the Work Limitations Questionnaire, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and a demographic questionnaire on nursing professionals’ working conditions and health were used. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes were performed, respecting a significance level of 5%. Results: presenteeism was found in 43.8% of professionals and significant associations with CLT work (p=0.002), workplace - Intensive Care Units (p=0.008), physical exercise twice a week (p=0.008), presence of musculoskeletal symptoms, with low back pain being representative (p=0.001). The productivity loss was 8.8. Conclusions: the study confirms a high rate of presenteeism among nursing workers.

Objetivo: analisar a tendência da mortalidade por suicídio em adolescentes brasileiros no período de 1997 a 2016. Método: estudo ecológico de séries temporais; empregou-se regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: foram registrados 14.852 óbitos por suicídio, com taxas de mortalidade por 100.000 habitantes de 1,95 em 1997, 2,65 em 2016 e média de 2,14 no período 1997-2016; predominaram óbitos no sexo masculino (67,59%), por lesões autoprovocadas intencionalmente (84,19%) e ocorridos no domicílio (52,69%); a região Centro-Oeste apresentou a maior taxa no período (3,71/100.000 hab.), com destaque para Mato Grosso do Sul (8,3/100.000 hab.); observou-se tendência de aumento de 1,35% ao ano na mortalidade por suicídio na população geral de adolescentes (IC95% 0,56; 2,15), 1,63% no sexo masculino (IC95% 0,56; 2,29), 3,11% na região Norte (IC95% 2,25; 3,98) e 4,19% no Nordeste (IC95% 2,58; 5,84). Conclusão: a mortalidade por suicídio em adolescentes brasileiros mostrou tendência ascendente no período estudado.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a série temporal da mortalidade por suicídio em adultos jovens brasileiros entre os anos de 1997 e 2019. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, de séries temporais com indivíduos de 20 a 29 anos. Para a análise de tendência foi utilizada a regressão de Prais-Winsten. No período, o coeficiente médio de suicídio em jovens brasileiros foi de 6,36/100 mil habitantes, apresentando tendência crescente, tanto o geral, quanto no sexo feminino e masculino. Em relação ao estado civil, houve maior proporção de suicídio entre solteiros (79,02%). Quanto as regiões brasileiras, a Sul apresentou o maior coeficiente médio de mortalidade (9,18/100 mil habitantes), e as regiões Nordeste, Norte e Sudeste mostraram tendência crescente. A maioria dos óbitos ocorreram no domicílio (54,93%) e houve tendência crescente tanto no domicílio, como os estabelecimentos de saúde e outros locais. Conclui-se que a tendência do suicídio em adultos jovens brasileiros foi crescente no período, com maiores proporções entre os solteiros. As regiões brasileiras apresentaram diferentes tendências, e o domicílio, estabelecimentos de saúde e outros locais seguiram uma tendência crescente para as mortes por suicídio em adultos jovens.