Early childhood plays a key role in the formation of healthy habits and the establishment of health literacy. Nonetheless, there are only a few research studies focusing on the health literacy level of children under the age of eight. The aim of our systematic review is to explore empirical research on health literacy related to early childhood. The research was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. This systematic review examines 12 studies published between 2013–2022. Results show that research focuses on different domains of health literacy for children. In relation to children’s food literacy, children understand the relationship between health and nutrition and they realize the health impact of obesity. The habits connected to oral health are strongly associated with parents’ knowledge of and behaviours around oral health. Results related to health care situations show that children are able to be actively involved in decision-making processes in connection with their health. Exploring young children’s health literacy is essential in order to be able to plan health promotion interventions, embedded into early childhood education. Picture-based messages or story-based messages supported by illustrations can help measure health literacy in early childhood and can support the formation of health literacy.
According to our earlier researches -stating that on the one hand in the career competency of the examined subjects, out of the Core Job Dimensions present in the Hackman-oldham Job Characteristic Model, only Meaningfulness (task significance) contributed significantly to inducing favourable Personal and Work outcomes, and on the other hand, among the components of the Sense of Coherence, portrayed as a health and well-being factor in Antonovsky's Salutogenic Model, it was Meaningfulness that had a preeminent role -we asked the question: to what extent can this positive effect of Meaningfulness be further generalized? That is, regarding women in Hungary who choose a healthcare career, whether Meaningfulness felt within their job motivates them with a significant enough force to be a counter-effective factor to job abandonment (especially frequent in Hungary), to persevere despite the difficult circumstances. From a methodical point of view, we completed a quasi-case study in the circle of 158 female students taking healthcare courses and 79 women working in healthcare for at least five years. As control groups we used the age-and sex-standardized random samples of non-healthcare students as well as workers. Here, Meaningfulness within the Sense of Coherence proved to be the significant factor for staying in the healthcare profession. Practical conclusion of the research: during the training in healthcare courses, an emphasis has to be laid upon developing the Sense of Meaningfulness in the person, by means of establishing life-career models, personal career design, and creating the chances of a healthier lifestyle.Keywords: meaningfulness, salutogenic approach, sense of coherence, nurse education, manageability, comprehensibility, paramedical training, nurse turnover, female students, female employee
Authors' contributionWkład autorów: A. Study design/planning zaplanowanie badań B. Data collection/entry zebranie danych C. Data analysis/statistics dane -analiza i statystyki D. Data interpretation interpretacja danych E. Preparation of manuscript przygotowanie artykułu F. Literature analysis/search wyszukiwanie i analiza literatury G. Funds collection zebranie funduszy SummaryBackground. Regular sporting activity can lead to favorable personality changes in addition to positive psychological effects. Our goal was to examine and compare university freshmen with differing sporting habits, so we measured athletes who are competitors (1), regularly active but non-competitor athletes (2) and inactive students (3). Material and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study among volunteer university freshmen (mean age 18.98 years) from the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs (Hungary) (n=109). We used self-edited sociodemographic and sporting habits questions and validated, standardized paper-and-pencil tests: Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Mindfulness Attention and Awareness Scale, and the Buss and Perry's Aggression Questionnaire. Results. Using an independent sample T-test, we found that athletes who are competitors (1) showed significantly higher dispositional mindfulness levels (t=-2.050; p=.043) and significantly lower anxiety levels (t=3.370; p=.001) than the inactive group (3). Considering trait aggression, we found significant difference only in the subscale anger among those students who practice sport regularly and those who are inactive (p=.050, Z=-1.933). The trait aggression total score did not exhibit a relationship with sporting activity in our sample. Conclusions. Intensive and regular physical activity facilitates psychological factors which support individual well-being.
Lifecourse nutrition encompasses nourishment from early development into parenthood. From preconception and pregnancy to childhood, late adolescence, and reproductive years, life course nutrition explores links between dietary exposures and health outcomes in current and future generations from a public health perspective, usually addressing lifestyle behaviours, reproductive well‐being and maternal‐child health strategies. However, nutritional factors that play a role in conceiving and sustaining new life might also require a molecular perspective and recognition of critical interactions between specific nutrients and relevant biochemical pathways. The present perspective summarises evidence about the links between diet during periconception and next‐generation health and outlines the main metabolic networks involved in nutritional biology of this sensitive time frame.
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