Aim The aim of the present study was to establish annual prevalence of primary headaches, migraine, and tension-type headache among adults in a post-conflict area of Serbia. Methods The data for this cross-sectional study was obtained via face-to-face interviews using questionnaires specifically designed for this purpose, in line with the available guidelines. The study sample included adults aged 18–65 years whose native language is Serbian with residence in six predominantly Serbian communities in Kosovo and Metohija. Relevant diagnoses were established according to the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Results The study included 1062 adults. Analyses indicated 47.7% prevalence of primary headaches. The 1-year prevalence of migraine (with aura and without aura) and tension-type headache was established at 15.2% (3.3% and 11.9%), and 32.2%, respectively. One-year prevalence of chronic headache was calculated at 3.5%, while the prevalence of medication overuse headache was slightly lower at 2.9%. Primary headaches were more prevalent among women, participants residing south of the river Ibar, married or cohabiting individuals, as well as among interviewees (persons) who reported feeling unsafe in Kosovo and Metohija. This is the first study of the prevalence of primary headache disorders in Serbia. The obtained data is comparable to the data available for other countries, especially those in the Balkan region.
To determine risk groups being in greater risk to suffer from depression is important for planning, enhancing, promoting and implementing the prevention strategies for this disease.
Ispitivanje stresora i uticaja stresa na zdravlje i radnu sposobnost kod električara koji rade na radnim mestima sa posebnim rizikom po zdravlje je veoma značajno. Cilj rada: Ispitivanje uticaja profesionalnog stresa na radnu sposobnost električara. Metode: Istraživanje je dizajnirano kao studija preseka i njime je obuhvaćeno 108 ispitanika, koji su svrstani u dve grupe: električari (52) i kontrolna grupa (56) koju čine adminstrativni radnici. U istraživanju su korišćeni: Upitnik o osnovnim sociodemografskim pokazateljima ispitanika, IRS Questionnaire, Work Ability Index (WAI) Questionnaire, General Health Questionnsire (GHQ), Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) i Upitnik o stresorima na radnom mestu. Analiza podataka vršena je u SPSS programu. Rezultati: Učestalost različitih kategorija WAI skora je ujednačena između ispitivanih grupa (p=0,155). Radna sposobnost je loša kod 11,5%, dobra kod 25%, veoma dobra kod 26,90% i izvrsna kod 36,5% električara. Učestalost različitih kategorija WAI skora je ujednačena između ispitivanih grupa (p=0,155). Analizirajući sve komponente IRS skora utvrđeno je da između električara i kontrolne grupe postoji statistički značajna razlika u komponentama: zahtevi (p<0,001) i radna uloga (p<0,001); GHQ je viša kod električara, ali nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika (p=0,082); CBI je statistički značajno veći kod električara (p<0,001) i vrednosti WAI skora su statistički značajno veće kod električara (p=0,039). U celokupnoj populaciji je rangirano 10 najjačih stresora i pokazano je da postoji statistički značajna razlika u svim stresorima (p<0,001) između električara i kontrolne grupe. Vrednosti stresora su ujednačene u odnosu na kategorije WAI skora. Kod električara najjači stresori su: noćni rad (4,60), suočavanje sa opasnostima (4,58), smenski rad (4,54), prekovremeni rad (4,46), vremensko ograničenje za pojedinačne zadatke (4,44), strah od povrede (4,42), pritisak vremenskih rokova za izvršenje zadataka (4,23), preopterećenost poslom (4,22), neadekvatan radni prostor (4,18) i svakodnevne nepredviđene situacije (4,10). Prosečna vrednost svih stresora kod električara je 2,87±1,10 (Min 1,10, Max 4,60). U ispitivanoj populaciji 14 različitih stresora imaju veće vrednosti od prosečne vrednosti svih stresora. U kontrolnoj grupi prosečna vrednost svih stresora iznosi 1,84±0,33 (Min 1,17, Max 2,69). Korelaciona analiza je pokazala da postoji povezanost starosti sa smenskim radom (r=0,130, p=0,013) i sa prekovremenim radom (r=-0,220, p<0.001). URS je statistički značajno povezan sa vremenskim ograničenjem za pojedinačne zadatke (r=0,149, p=0,005) i pritiskom vremenskih rokova za izvršenje zadataka (r=0,125, p=0,017). ERS je statistički značajno direktno povezan sa noćnim radom (r=0,169, p=0,001), smenskim radom (r=0,160, p=0,002), vremenskim ograničenjem za izvršenje zadataka (r=0,203, p<0,001), pritiskom vremenskih rokova za izvršenje zadataka (r=0,194, p<0,001), preopterećenošću poslom (r=0,128, p=0,017), neadekvatnim radnim prostorom (r=0,122, p=0,022). Subjektivna procena radne sp...
Purpose The aim of the present study was to assess the burden and health care use of adult patients with migraine and tension type headache in a post-conflict area of Serbia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on a representative sample of adults, living in predominantly Serb communities on the Kosovo and Metohija territory. The required data was obtained through a survey, utilizing a culturally-adapted questionnaire. The study sample comprised of 1,062 adults. Results In the year preceding the study, 49.7% of included subjects suffering from migraines and 27.5% of those experiencing tension type headache sought medical assistance for their condition. The majority (88.5%) of the respondents utilized non steroid antiinfammatory drugs as analgesic, while 14.2% used prophylactic treatment. Migraine sufferers reported losing on average 11.1 days in a 3-month period, while those experiencing tension type headache lost 4.7 days (p < 0.001) due to headaches, preventing them from partaking in professional, family and social activities. On headache-free days, 24.5% of the respondents were anxious or tense in anticipation of a headache onset, while 30% did not feel that the headache had completely resolved. Moreover, 11.5% of the sample reported never or rarely feeling in control of the headache, while 20% of the respondents were of view that their headaches were not taken seriously by their employer and co-workers and rarely discuss them. Adverse effect of headaches on education is more frequently noted by migraine sufferers than those experiencing tension type headache (p = 0.001), and this disparity persists in relation to career (p < 0.001) and family planning (p = 0.001). Conclusions In Kosovo and Metohija, primary headaches exert a profound influence on the affected individuals and their community, and thus require recognition as one of the priorities of social initiatives aimed at the enhancement of public health.
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