The double-layered microspheres play an important role in controlling drug delivery for
pharmaceutical application, because of the low initial burst compared with single-layered spheres
and targetable delivery to specific organ. But it has drawback in loading drug and controlling size.
In this study, we developed double-layered spheres using relatively simple oil-in-water (O/W)
solvent evaporation method using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as water-soluble protein and
poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). BSA/PLGA double-layered microspheres were fabricated
using O/W solvent evaporation method and investigated the specific character of double-layered
microspheres according to the kind of surfactants. In SEM observation, double layered microsphere
had spherical shape and smooth surface without pores. And the double layered microsphere using
O/W solvent evaporation method was transparency because of slow evaporation of solvent. In
fluorescent observation, we observed the fluorescent core in the double-walled spheres composed of
FITC-BSA and PLGA using fluorescent observation. In the case of polyvinylalcohol as emulsifier,
the yield was better than gelatin. As decreased concentration of PLGA, the size of double-layered
microspheres deceased.
In our previous study, we manufactured a reinforced poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement with 3 wt% of the surface-modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) powder to improve its poor mechanical and thermal properties resulting from unreacted methylmethacrylate (MMA), the generation of bubble and shrinkage, and high curing temperature. In the present study, the effect of ratios of MMA and N,N'-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMPT) solutions in redox polymerization system was investigated for the surface modification of UHMWPE powder. We characterized physical and chemical properties of surface-modified UHMWPE powder and reinforced bone cements by a scanning electron microscope, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and curing temperature (Tmax). It was found that UTSs (41.3-51.3 MPa) of the reinforced PMMA bone cements were similar to those (44.5 MPa) of conventional PMMA bone cement (control), as well as significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those (33.8 MPa) of 3 wt% unmodified UHMWPE powder-impregnated bone cement. In particular, the UTS of redox polymerization system using MMA/DMPT solution was better than that of radical system using MMA/xylene solution. Also, Tmax of the reinforced PMMA bone cements decreased from 103 to 72-84 degrees C. From these results, we confirmed that the surface-modified UHMWPE powder can be used as reinforcing agent to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of conventional PMMA bone cement.
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