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Recently, there has been much interest in the field of open systems and the application of fieldbuses as a trend in the development of industrial control systems towards decentralisation, network and intelligence. It is envisioned that fieldbuses will be one of the leading technologies in the area of automation in this century. To exploit the potential of these two technologies, a general multilayer architecture of a fieldbus-based open-CNC system is proposed. Functions of different layers are first illustrated and and implementation for a CNC lathe is given.