Background and Objectives Heart failure (HF) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. With ageing society and increasing prevalence of risk factors of HF, the prevalence of HF is expected to increase, as well. In this official report of the Korean Society of Heart Failure the epidemiology of HF in Korea is presented. Methods The data of Korean National Health Insurance big data, the Korean Heart Failure (KorHF) and the Korean Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) registries have been used. Results In 2018, the prevalence, incidence, mortality of HF patients, and mortality due to HF were 2,261, 579, 245, and 10.4 per 100.000 persons, respectively. Regarding the temporal trend, there was a continuous increase in HF prevalence (0.77% in 2002, 1.48% in 2013, and 2.24% in 2018) and HF related deaths. The most common etiology for HF was ischemic origin, and the dominant subtype was HF with reduced ejection fraction (EF), defined as EF ≤40%. Of these, 77.6%, 58.0%, and 55.1% received renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors (angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor-blockers), beta-blockers, and aldosterone-antagonists, respectively. In 2018, 1,542 implantable cardiac defibrillators and 272 cardiac resynchronization therapy devices were implanted, and 176 patients received heart transplantation. With improvement of pharmacologic and non-pharmacological therapy, the survival time of HF has been improving in the last 2 decades; nonetheless, it is associated with enormous increase in medical costs. Conclusions The prevalence of HF has been increasing in Korea. With improvement of therapy, the prognosis of HF has been improving, too. Nonetheless, appropriate interventions are necessary to prevent HF.

The presence of a dedicated cardiac intensivist was associated with a reduction in CICU mortality rates in patients with cardiovascular disease who required critical care.

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