A composite of porous Fe3O4 hollow microspheres/graphene oxide (Fe3O4/GO) has been fabricated through a facile self-assembly approach. Driven by the mutual electrostatic interactions, the amine-functionalized Fe3O4 microspheres prepared by a hydrothermal method and then modified by 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane were decorated with negatively-charged GO sheets. The Fe3O4 microspheres were hollow with porous surfaces and the surfaces were successfully modified with the amine, which was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The specific saturation magnetization of Fe3O4/GO was 37.8 emu g(-1). The sorption performance of Fe3O4/GO for Cr(vi) was evaluated. The maximum sorption capacity for Cr(vi) on Fe3O4/GO was 32.33 mg g(-1), which was much higher than that of Fe3O4 microspheres. The GO sheets could not only prevent agglomeration of the Fe3O4 microspheres and enable a good dispersion of these oxide microspheres, but also substantially enhance the specific surface area of the composite. The Fe3O4/GO composite may be a promising sorption material for the separation and preconcentration of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions in environmental pollution cleanup.
Endophytes are now considered as an important component of biodiversity. However, the diversity of endophytic actinobacteria associated with tropical rainforest native medicinal plants is essentially unknown. In this study, the diversity of endophytic actinobacteria residing in root, stem and leaf tissues of medicinal plant Maytenus austroyunnanensis collected from tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, China was investigated with a combination of cultivation and culture-independent analysis on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing. By using different selective isolation media and methods, a total of 312 actinobacteria were obtained, and they were affiliated with the order Actinomycetales (distributed into 21 genera). Based on a protocol for endophytes enrichment, three 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were constructed and 84 distinct operational taxonomic units were identified and they distributed among the orders Actinomycetales and Acidimicrobiales, including eight suborders and at least 38 genera with a number of rare actinobacteria genera. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 32% of the clones in the libraries had lower than 97% similarities with related type strains. Interestingly, six genera from the order Actinomycetales and uncultured clones from Acidimicrobiales have not, to our knowledge, been previously reported as endophytes. Our study confirms abundant endophytic actinobacterial consortium in tropical rainforest native plant and suggests that this special habitat represents an underexplored reservoir of diverse and novel actinobacteria of potential interest for bioactive compounds discovery.
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