No abstract

Objective The purpose of this study is to identify lifestyle factors that affect the subjective health conditions of adolescents in South Korea by utilizing data from the Korean Children’s and Youth Panel Survey 2018 conducted in Korea. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from 4,490 students (2,399 students in the fourth grade of elementary school and 2,541 students in the first grade of middle school). The data obtained were evaluated using living time (sleep time, study time, leisure time), emotions (happiness, self-esteem, emotional problems), capabilities (cooperative attitude, grit), health (life satisfaction, exercise time, number of breakfasts, quality of sleep), media (smartphone use and dependence), school (school life satisfaction, relationship with friends and teachers), and home (time spent with parents, parenting attitude). Results We confirmed that regardless of grade, living time (leisure time), emotion (happiness, self-esteem, emotional problems), capabilities (grit), health (life satisfaction, exercise time, quality of sleep), media (smartphone dependence), and school (school life satisfaction, friendly, and teacher relations) are related to subjective health conditions. These results confirmed that evaluation parameters are related to subjective health conditions regardless of grade. Conclusion This investigation revealed that the higher the quality of sleep enhanced positive emotions while increased exercise

Background: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) reduces the quality of life, independence, and social interaction in older adults. Social participation is a potentially modifiable factor that benefits cognitive and mental health. This study explored the mediating roles of social participation between MCR and depression and between MCR and loneliness. Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of data from the 2015–2016 National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Slow gait speed and cognitive decline were used to assess MCR. Mediation analysis was applied to two models, both of which used MCR as an exposure and social participation as a mediator. The outcomes were depression and loneliness for each model, respectively.Results: Among 1,697 older adults, 196 (11.6%) had MCR. The mediating role of social participation was statistically significant in both models. The indirect effect (β=0.267, p=0.001) of MCR on depression through social participation comprised 11.97% of the total effect (β=2.231, p<0.001). The indirect effect (β=0.098, p=0.001) of MCR on loneliness through social participation was 19.48% of the total effect (β=0.503, p<0.001). Conclusion: Interventions to increase social participation may reduce depression and loneliness of older adults with MCR.

There is no comprehensive predischarge occupational therapy assessment tool in South Korea. The objective of this study was to determine Stroke-Predischarge Occupational Therapy Assessment (S-POTA) validity and reliability. Twenty-seven occupational therapists (OTs) assessed 97 patients with stroke. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing S-POTA scores with stroke-specific quality of life (SS-QOL). Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparing S-POTA scores between outpatient and readmitted groups, and a receiver operating characteristic analysis was conducted. The test–retest was conducted twice in 20 patients, and the inter-rater test was conducted with two OTs per patient. S-POTA positively correlated with SS-QOL. S-POTA rating differs significantly across outpatients and readmitted groups. All S-POTA areas under curve values ranged from .70 to .85, and cut-off points were derived. Cronbach’s α for internal consistency was .953, the intraclass correlation coefficient for test–retest was .990, and .987 for inter-rater reliability. The results suggest S-POTA is a reliable tool for efficient implementation of discharge planning.

Objective Patients with coronavirus disease experience deterioration in occupational balance and mental health. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a time-use intervention on the occupational balance of isolated patients with coronavirus disease. Its impact on secondary outcomes including mental health and quality of life was also assessed. Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in a single community-based hospital. Forty-one patients (19 in the experimental group and 22 in the control group) with coronavirus disease were recruited between February 1, 2021, and March 19, 2021. Participants were randomly assigned to receive a time-use intervention or education on self-activity. The time-use intervention is to plan a daily routine to engage in meaningful occupations. It consisted of 4 steps: time-use analysis, occupation selection, arrangement of activities and practice, and occupational therapist intervention. The control group was educated on self-activity and spent time autonomously. Outcomes and measures The primary outcome was occupational balance, evaluated using the Korean version of the Life Balance Inventory. Secondary outcomes were mental health and quality of life assessed using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Korean Form of Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Korean version of the Insomnia Severity Index, Multidimensional State Boredom Scale-8, Fear of Coronavirus Disease: Korean version of the Fear of Coronavirus Disease Scale, and World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument-BRIEF. Outcome measures were evaluated at admission and discharge. Results The time-use intervention significantly improved occupational balance (F = 14.12, p < .001) and all other measures of depression, anxiety, boredom, fear, and quality of life. Conversely, the control group showed a worsening pattern for all measures. Conclusion The time-use intervention is effective for improving occupational balance, mental health, and quality of life in patients with coronavirus disease.