Human granulosa cells (GC), prepared from follicular aspirates using a non-enzymic method, were maintained in culture on chamber slides in a defined medium without additional attachment factors or extracellular matrix (ECM). In this system, GC clustered to a limited extent and attached only loosely to the substratum necessitating medium replacement through repeated partial changes to avoid cell loss. Using this new culture system, cell size and progesterone production per cell increased, consistent with continuing luteinization. These processes were associated with maintenance and deposition of endogenous ECM components. Thus, pericellular heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG) was clearly visible by immunocytochemistry around the luteinized GC after culture. Also progressive accumulation of laminin (particularly alpha(2)-, beta(1)- and gamma(1)-subunits) during culture was shown by Western blotting of GC extracts. Small patches of collagen IV, shown to be already present between freshly prepared GC, were maintained in culture. A clear effect of gonadotrophin on the maintenance of progesterone production in culture was paralleled by an apparent increased pericellular deposition of HSPG. To conclude, luteinization and maintenance of the GC-derived layer of the corpus luteum is likely to involve deposition and conservation of pericellular ECM components.
Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a distinct and rare clinical entity responsible for congenital hypopituitarism resulting in deficiency of pituitary hormones with deficiency of the growth hormone (100%) and gonadotropins (97.2%) being its most common presentation at the time of hospital encounter (Wang et al., 2015).Isolated sparing of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) with deficiency of the remaining anterior pituitary hormones may be present in PSIS, as is true in our case. Therefore, it should be kept in mind at the time of examination in suspected cases of PSIS.
IntroductionJuvenile nasal angiofibroma (JNA) is a highly vascular tumor of the nasopharynx. Endovascular embolization followed by surgery is the treatment of choice. This study aimed to determine that single catheter technique with Gelfoam is an effective and safe technique for embolization to reduce the financial burden on patients in a developing country.
Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed the imaging, surgical, and histopathological records of 108 patients who underwent preoperative endovascular tumor embolization followed by surgical resection between March 2017 and March 2021.
ResultsAfter embolization no major complication was observed in any patient. Complete devascularization of tumor was done in 87.8%. Intraoperative blood loss resulting in transfusion was almost the same as with other embolization techniques.
ConclusionSingle catheter with Gelfoam is a cost-effective and safe technique for JNA embolization.
61-years-old male patient presented with complain of neck swelling and soreness following contrast-enhanced (CE) CT examination with resolution of symptoms in 36-48 hours. He is diagnosed with hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); already treated with radiofrequency ablation for HCC. He had already undergone two CECT examinations before he was referred to our institution for disease staging/treatment. He also underwent three triphasic CT scan examinations at our institution during the course of treatment for treatment response and staging. Patient remained undiagnosed up to his fourth CT scan due to inability to relate symptoms with contrast administration. The patient was offered close monitoring on fifth CT exam and ultrasound of neck revealed enlarged and echogenic bilateral submandibular glands, however, thyroid and bilateral parotid glands appear unremarkable. This represents transient iodinated contrast induced sialadenitis with sparing of parotid glands.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.