Traditional medicine is used by people as an alternative to orthodox drugs to treat respiratory infections. The aim of this research was to document traditional recipes used in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections such as pharyngitis, cold, and sinusitis in peri-urban and rural areas of the Littoral Region of Cameroon. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out using semi-structured interview model in French or Cameroonian local languages. They were distributed to 115 people. The respondents were both male and female, 20 years old and above, and belonged to seven ethnic groups. Data on plant species and the recipes used against upper respiratory tract infections were collected from the respondents. Plant parts used and methods of preparation were also provided by the respondents. The most abundant ethnic group (56 individuals) was Sawa, followed by Bassa (27) and Bamileke (23). The Lamiaceae family had the highest number of species (06), and Ocimum gratissimum was the most valuable species with 49 citations. Leaf was the main part used (69.94%), and decoction (39.16%) and trituration (38.11%) were the most popular preparation methods. This study has shown the essential role of traditional pharmacopoeia in the treatment of respiratory infections.
Background This study aimed to contribute to the valuation of medicinal plants used in the treatment of diseases affecting the populations of the district of Yagoua. Methods Ethnobotanical data was collected in 10 villages from June to August 2020 in Yagoua. A total of 300 informants (193 men and 107 women) were interviewed through semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews and guided field visits. All informants were local residents between the ages of 15 and 60, and key information holders were selected based on recommendations. The frequency of citation (FC) made it possible to appreciate the local phytotherapeutic importance of each species, the Degree of Fidelity (DF), identified the species most used in the treatment of a particular disease and the informant consensus factor (ICF) was used to determine the homogeneity of knowledge in the use of medicinal species. Results 98 plant species were identified belonging to 85 genera and 47 families. The Caesalpiniaceae families dominate (9 species). 10 species have a high frequency of citation. A total of 31 diseases were recorded, 8 of which had a high frequency of occurrence. It was found that men have more knowledge about plants (64.33%); the age group 26–36 is interested in the use of plants. 150 recipes were identified, of which 78.67% were monospecific. 49.44% of the species used by the population are collected in the bush, 5 morphological types represented 68.36% of woody plants and 31.64% of herbaceous plants, sarcochores are the most represented diaspore types with 51.02%. Leaves and barks are the organs most frequently used for the preparation of recipes; decoction is the most commonly used method of preparation and the oral route is the most commonly used way of administering medicines. More than half of the species recorded have a level of fidelity equal to 100% and the informant consensus factor shows high values. Conclusion The study area is rich in important plant resources for which the populations must be aware and must also take into account their vulnerability by advocating reforestation, domestication and sustainable use.
In order to assess the diversity, regeneration and structure of wild edible fruit trees, a study was carried out in the Laf-Madjam forest reserve and its surroundings. A semi-structured interview with local residents and a floristic inventory of woody plants (8 transects of 1000 m × 20 m each) were carried out. 24 species were cited as being used by the local residents. A total of 2134 individuals subdivided into 69 species, 43 genera and 27 families were counted, including 448 edible fruit individuals divided into 25 species, 19 genera and 14 families. The latter with important IVIs are: Balanites aegyptiaca, Sclerocarya birrea, Ziziphus mauritiana and Hexalobus monopetalus. Diversity is medium in edible fruit trees (HSI=3.10 bits, E= 0.67). Fruit trees with individuals of diameter ≥ 21 cm are in the majority. Inverted "L" and bell-shaped gaits are observed. The regeneration rate of fruit trees is higher in Annona senegalensis, H. monopetalus, and B. aegyptiaca. The involvement of local people in the management of the reserve's fruit trees is important for sustainable management.
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