As the Internet of Things (IoT) matures in commercial sectors, the promise of diverse new technologies such as data-driven applications, intelligent adaptive systems, and embedded optimized automation will be realized in every environment. An immediate research question is whether contemporary IoT concepts can be applied also to military battlefield environments and can realize benefits similar to those in industry. Military environments, especially those that depend on tactical communications, are much more challenging than commercial environments. Thus it is likely many commercial IoT architectures and technologies may not translate into the military domain and others will require additional research to enable deployment and efficient implementation. This paper investigates these issues and describes potential military operational activities that could benefit from commercial IoT technologies, including logistics, sensing/surveillance, and situation awareness. In addition, the paper lays out a roadmap for future research necessary to leverage IoT and apply it to the tactical battlefield environment
The widespread adoption of IoT technologies will significantly affect many aspects of military operations. A growing number of battlefield assets will soon become networked entities, thanks to capillary and high density personal and environment sensors systems. The accurate and fine-grained information gathered could significantly benefit military intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance operations, facilitate automated supply chain logistics, and facilitate urban operations in mega-city environments. To achieve these goals, research has to address several issues, such as reconciling the differences between commercial IoT architectural patterns and military network architectures, interoperability between different IoT systems, data processing and information management, and realization of resource-efficient IoT middleware solutions. The resource constrained tactical networking environment makes this research agenda particularly challenging but also pressing in terms of the need for novel middleware solutions.
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