TrapCAD is a PC-code available for simulating both the lost and non-lost electrons moving inside an ECRIS (electron-cyclotron-resonance ion source) plasma. At GANIL and elsewhere, many types of ECRIS exist, and with this code it is possible to simulate the behaviour of the electrons within different plasma conditions and to make comparisons for a better understanding of the range of performance of these ion sources. Furthermore, studies of the spatial and energy evolution of the trapped electrons in a magnetic mirror configuration should provide more readily available information on the performance of ECR ion sources. This work has shown that reliable results can be obtained from such a simulation, especially for comparison purposes. Furthermore, each ion source can be characterized by qualitative values such as energy content or energy distribution of both the lost and non-lost electrons. In addition the results provide a method of finding the optimal frequency for a particular type of ECRIS and can also be useful for designing new ion sources.

SPIRAL2 is the new project under construction at GANIL to produce radioactive ion beams and in particular neutron rich ion beams. For the past 10 yr SPIRAL1 at GANIL has been delivering accelerated radioactive ion beams of gases. Both facilities now need to extend the range of radioactive ion beams produced to condensable elements. For that purpose, a resonant ionization laser ion source, funded by the French Research National Agency, is under development at GANIL, in collaboration with IPN Orsay, University of Mainz (Germany) and TRIUMF, Vancouver (Canada). A description of this project called GISELE (GANIL Ion Source using Electron Laser Excitation) is presented.

No abstract

No abstract

The cylindrical geometry of the magnetic confinement of the MONO1001 electron cyclotron resonance ͑ECR͒ ion source made in GANIL ͓P. Jardin et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 73, 789 ͑2002͔͒ allows us to measure radial characteristics of the working ECR plasma with helium gas. The physical and the geometrical characteristics of the resonance surface inside the working ECR source have been quantified with the help of a visible light spectrometer. Hence, we have deduced a shape of the electron cyclotron resonance ion sources resonance surface which corresponds closely to our magnetic calculations.

The production of singly charged atomic and molecular ions with a new 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source has been studied. The ion source Mono 1000 uses a new magnetic confinement structure. The elements Ne, Ar, and Kr are ionized with efficiencies close to 100%, while 45% has been achieved for He. In the case of the molecules SO2 and SF6, more than 90% overall efficiency has been observed with more than 40% of sulfur atoms leaving the source under the form S+. A total extracted yield of 4×1012 singly charged fulleren (C60) ions per second has also been observed.

The SPIRAL2 project, currently under construction at GANIL, will include an isotope separator on line based facility for the production and acceleration of radioactive ion beams. A superconducting linear accelerator will accelerate 5 mA deuterons up to 40 MeV and 1 mA heavy ions up to 14.5 MeV/u. These primary beams will be used to bombard both thick and thin targets. We are investigating three different techniques to produce the radioactive ion beams: (1) the neutron induced fission of uranium carbide, (2) the direct interaction of deuterons in a uranium carbide target, and (3) the interaction of a heavy ion beam with a target. All these production systems will be coupled to an ion source. Four kinds of ion sources are foreseen for the ionization of the radioactive atoms: an electron cyclotron resonance ion source, a surface ionization ion source, a forced electron beam induced arc discharge ion source, and a laser ion source depending on the characteristics of the desired radioactive ion beam in terms of intensity, efficiency, purity, etc. A presentation of the SPIRAL2 project and of the different production systems is given.

International audienceIn the last two years the development of the large-capacity oven was continued. First tests on-line with calcium, lead, tin and magnesium beams were achieved. We successfully produced 30 $\mu$A of $Ca^9+$, 13 $\mu$A of $Pb^23+$, 8 $\mu$A of $Sn^21+$, and 50 $\mu$A of $Mg^7+$. Some deformation of the filament appeared when working at high temperature. Several configurations of the filament and the use of an alternate power supply have been tested to solve this problem. The beam's intensities and the ionization efficiencies were improved in comparison with the standard microoven performances. The results of magnesium beam, 110 $\mu$A of $Mg^5+$ obtained with the "MIVOC" method are compared with those using the oven technique