In this work, we have shown that the tributyltin
hydride-mediated cycloisomerization of allene-tethered oxime ethers or hydrazones is a convenient method for the
preparation of (vinylstannyl)cyclopentylamine derivatives in terms of simplicity and chemical yields.
As a result, the first and
detailed analysis of the tributyltin hydride-mediated free-radical
cyclization of alkyl-substituted
allene-tethered oxime ethers and hydrazones is reported. The
site-directed intermolecular attack
of the tributyltin radical at the allene moiety and the final size of
the ring after cyclization depends
on the type of substitution in the substrate. Some general trends
can be observed: (1) In crowded
substrates having full substitution at Cβ or at the terminal-trigonal
carbon, the steric hindrance
favors attack at the digonal carbon. (2) When different positions
in the allene are free for attack,
the kinetically more favored irreversible mode of cyclizations (5-exo
> 6-exo > 6-endo) determines
the ratio of isomers or the final size of the ring. Finally, after
acid hydrolysis of the vinyltin products,
the resulting O-methyl- or
O-benzyl(hydroxylamino)cycloalkanes have been
obtained in good yield.
A set of allene‐tethered benzoyloximes (5) has been treated with nBu3SnH. Depending on their substitution pattern, a wide range of compounds has been obtained. If the stannyl radical adds on the allene, the C‐centred radical thus formed undergoes either a 5‐exo ring closure to give the cyclopentene derivatives 7 or a 6‐endo ring closure onto the N atom to give the dihydropyridines 8. If the stannyl radical adds on the benzoyl moiety, an iminyl radical is formed which leads to the 3H‐pyrroles 9 and the alkylidene‐pyrrolines 10. Steric effects as well as polar effects are the factors governing the reaction course.
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