We report muon spin rotation-relaxation measurements of the heavy fermion superconductor UPt3. The broadening of the transverse field muon precession signal sets in approximately 60 mK below T c , a temperature which corresponds to the lower superconducting transition. In zero applied magnetic field, we observe an increase in the internal magnetic field within the superconducting state which can be explained if the "lower superconducting phase" in the H-T phase diagram of UPt3 is characterized by broken time-reversal symmetry.

Neutron scattering measurements on the pyrochlore magnet Ce2Zr2O7 reveal an unusual crystal field splitting of its lowest J = 5/2 multiplet, such that its ground state doublet is composed of mJ = ± 3/2, giving these doublets a dipole -octupole (DO) character with local Ising anisotropy. Its magnetic susceptibility shows weak antiferromagnetic correlations with θCW = -0.4(2) K, leading to a naive expectation of an All-In, All-Out ordered state at low temperatures. Instead our low energy inelastic neutron scattering measurements show a dynamic quantum spin ice state, with suppressed scattering near |Q| = 0, and no long range order at low temperatures. This is consistent with recent theory predicting symmetry enriched U(1) quantum spin liquids for such DO doublets decorating the pyrochlore lattice. Finally, we show that disorder, especially oxidation of powder samples, is important in Ce2Zr2O7 and could play an important role in the low temperature behaviour of this material.The rare-earth pyrochlore oxides R 2 B 2 O 7 , where R 3+ and B 4+ consist generally of rare earth and transitionmetal ions respectively, display a wealth of both exotic and conventional magnetic ground states. Their R 3+ ions decorate a network of corner-sharing tetrahedra, one of the archetypes for geometrical frustration in three dimensions. Due to strong crystal electric field (CEF) effects, the nature of the magnetic interactions in such materials are strongly influenced by their single-ion physics [1][2][3]. A naive theoretical description of the magnetic interactions in rare-earth pyrochlores is generally performed by introducing an ad hoc effective single-ion term in addition to Heisenberg exchange interactions. For example, Heisenberg antiferromagnetism with an effective Ising anisotropy leads to non-frustrated All-In, All-Out (AIAO) magnetic order, as seen in several heavy rare earth iridate pyrochlores [4,5] and illustrated in the insert to Fig.1(a). Heisenberg ferromagnetism and an effective Ising anisotropy give rise to a classical spin ice ground state [6], as seen in (Ho,Dy) 2 Ti 2 O 7 [7, 8] and illustrated as the 2I2O local structure in the inset to Fig.1(a). However, to capture all the physics that can arise at low temperatures, the magnetic interactions should be projected into pseudo-spin operators acting solely on the low energy CEF states [3,[9][10][11][12][13]. This procedure has been applied for example in the Yb 3+ [11,14,15] and Er 3+ [12, 16-18] XY pyrochlores where CEF effects give rise to effective S = 1/2 quantum degrees of freedom that interact via anisotropic exchange interactions.More recently, it has been realized that the precise composition of the ground state crystal field doublets in rare-earth pyrochlores is crucial in determining the form of the microscopic Hamiltonian, and in itself, diversifies the possibility of quantum magnetic states [3,19]. This has been appreciated for some time in the case of non-Kramers doublets, based on magnetic ions with an even number of electrons such as the 4f 2 configuratio...

We have searched for thehidden multispin order parameren that have been proposed to explain the weak ordered moment observed in the heayfermion superconductor URqSil. Since the exotic spin order is predicted to cause broken-symmetry Bragg peaks that develop rapidly with applied magnetic f. dd, we have measured their strength in fields up to 8 T. for which a large easily observable moment is predicted. The Bra= neutron scattering is found to decrease rather lhan increase when a field is applied along the easy tetragonal e-axis, while there is no change for a field at right angles. The results rule out the proposed symmetric multispin order parameters. The m-field Vansition is found to exhibit critical softening of the spin gap and a cusp in the susceptibility at TN, as expeaed for the ordering of magnetic dipoles.

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