For the assurance of the safe regulations for the use in agriculture persistent in soil insecticide neonicotinoids derivative, studies have been executed to investigate its impact on the soil microbiocenosis and migration to the neighboring environment of the active ingredient of this pesticide and the preparation based on it. On the ground of obtained experimental data there were determined threshold doses for the following indices of the harmfulness: migration-water, translocation (transmission into plants) and general sanitary indices. There were established limiting indices of the harmfulness: translocation and migration-water indices. The maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of neonicotinoids derivative in the soil accounted for 0.5 mg/kg of the soil. This content of the pesticide in the soil prevents its accumulation in plants in concentrations exceeding the maximum permissible levels (MPLs), in food products, it fails both to give rise in its transition in groundwater above the MPL for water reservoirs and influence on the soil microbiocenosis and self-purification processes.
Introduction. The main source of pesticides entrance to the air is the treatment of crops, seeds, forest areas, and other environmental objects. Pesticides enter the air with the soil dust during wind erosion and harvesting operations. A significant number of them enter atmospheric dust areas, where the intensive chemical treatment is practiced. In most of the cases, the system of soil-atmospheric air is the first link, by which pesticides are entered, as a result of the first demolition of preparations during their application, as well as a result of processes of vaporation and evaporation from the surface of the soil, plants, water basins, etc. Along with atmospheric flows, contained in the air, the pesticides can be transported for long distances.The aim of this research is the obtaining of the reasonable threshold concentration of the pesticide in the soil by this index of hazard. By the threshold, concentration is implied the amount of pesticide in the soil (mg/kg of the absolutely dry soil), where the entrance the compounds into the atmospheric air is not accompanied by the increase of its average daily maximum permissible concentration (MPC). Material and methods. In the tasks of the experimental studies, the results of which are introduced in the article there were included the investigations of the migration-air index of harm, rated to the active substance of the pesticide referred to the derivatives of aryloxychromones acids. A migration-air index of the hazard characterizes migration processes (with soil dust, evaporation, co-evaporation with water vapors, etc.) of pesticide from the soil to atmospheric air. Results. The resulting value is necessary for the subsequent selection of limiting index of hazard, considering all the indices (translocation, migration, and water, sanitary), determining the MPC pesticide in the soil. The studies were carried out in standard conditions and, therefore, comparable soil and microclimate conditions using a special microclimate chamber. The method of laboratory modeling is a required step in the normalization of pesticides in the soil.
Introduction. The implementation of new pesticides into agricultural practice is possible only after their comprehensive toxicological and hygienic study and hygienic regulation, which is the basis for the preventing their adverse effects on the health of workers and the population, as well as on the environment. The rationale for the maximum allowable concentration of the pesticide’s active substance in the soil is based on the study of the main hazard indices established experimentally. The translocation hazard index in the soil-plant system, along with other indices of hazard (migrational-water, migrational-air and general-sanitary) in soil-water, soil-air and soil-microbiocenosis systems, reflects one of the indirect effects of xenobiotics on the contacting medium, by which the limiting index of the maximum allowable concentration of the pesticide’s controlled active ingredient is established. Material and methods. At this stage, studies have been carried out to investigate the translocation hazard index characterizing migration processes of the pesticide based on the active substance 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (phenoxyacetic acid class) from the soil to plants. The studies were performed with taking into account the observance of the requirements for carrying out experimental studies in standard, comparable soil and microclimatic conditions, and also in accordance with the principle of the extremality, which contributes the maximum migration of the studied chemical to the media (water, air, plant) in contact with the soil. To obtain a scientifically grounded threshold concentration of the substance of this hazard index, the study was carried out using a special sealed climatic chamber with controlled conditions of the ranges of illumination, temperature, and humidity of the air. Results. Based on the obtained experimental data, the threshold concentration of the controlled active substance was determined according to the translocation hazard index, in which the accumulation of the substance by plant phytomass at the time of harvest does not exceed the maximum permissible level (MRL) for food products.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.