EP may be curative for patients with AC limited to the duodenal mucosa or the sphincter of Oddi without lymphovascular invasion. Due to the presence of more invasive stages at diagnosis, EP may not be curative for ACs of the biliopancreatic subtype. The significance of tumour size is limited by other confounders, such as the histological subtype.
EUS-BD is technically feasible in patients with ascites. Our results suggest that EUS-BD may be a clinically effective and safe alternative after failed ERCP in patients with ascites.
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