Abstract. Stinging Nettle (Urtica dioica L., latin) is a wild plant that grows in Indonesia, Asia, and Europe. Nettle in Bali, Indonesia is called as Lateng, Jelatang. Nettle plant has a very strong fiber and high fixed carbon. Nettle plants are covered with fine hairs, especially in the leaves and stems. When it is touched, it will release chemicals, sting and trigger inflammation that causes redness, itching, bumps and irritation to the skin. Nettle plants grow in the wild, regarded as a weed in the agricultural industry, easy to grow and snatch food from the parent plant. The main objective of this paper is to review of the potential nettle fibers and then explain about the potential of local nettle plant in Indonesia. Nettle is a plant group at the end of bast. Its plant fibers taken from the bark, as reinforcement in composite materials. Nettle fibers have three main advantages such as strong, lightweight and low environmental impact.
Teknologi gasifikasi tipe downdraft adalah salah satu teknologi untuk mengkonversikan bahan bakar padat atau biomassa padat secara thermokimia dengan temperatur 6000-7000 C menjadi bahan bakar gas mampu bakar dengan kebutuhan udara 20 – 40% Stoikiometri dimana suplai udara masuk dari atas menuju dasar reaktor dan proses gasifikasi terjadi di dasar reaktor. Sampah kota atau ( Municipal Solid Westes) adalah bahan buangan yang terdiri dari bahan organik dan anorganik yang mempunyai nilai kalor sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui performansi dari gasifier tipe dwondraft dengan variasi perlakuan awal bahan bakar kering, pellet, dan briket. Perbedaan perlakuan bahan bakar akan menghasilkan nilai kalor dan karakteristik bahan bakar yang berbeda sehingga nantinya akan didapatkan bahan bakar yang paling efektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa efisiensi tertinggi didapatkan pada variasi perlakuan awal bahan bakar sampah kota yang di briketkan yaitu sebesar 61,32% dan FCR tertinggi terjadi pada bahan bakar pellet yaitu 4,61 kg/jam. Gasification type Downdraft technology is one technology to convert thermochemical solid or biomass fuels with temperatures of 6000-7000 C into combustible gas fuels with air requirements of 20 - 40% Stoichiometry where the supply of air enters from above to the reactor base and gasification process occurs at the bottom of the reactor. Municipal solid waste is a waste material consisting of organic and inorganic materials that has a heating value, so that it can be used as fuel of gasification. This study aims to determine the performance of the dwondraft gasifier with variations in the pretreatment of dry MSW, pellets and briquettes. Differences in fuel treatment will produce different heating values ??and fuel characteristics so that the most effective fuel will be found later. The results showed that the highest efficiency was found in the variation of initial treatment municipal solid waste briquettes which was 61,32%, and the highest FCR occurs in pellet fuel which is 4.61 kg / hour.
The purpose of this study is to compare the hardness of glass fiber reinforced composite materials with the hardness of netted fiber-reinforced composite materials. Glass fiber is a commercial fiber that has been used in various industries while nettle fiber is a natural fiber that is more environmentally friendly. Composite material has several advantages, namely the form that can be adjusted, high strength, lightweight and resistant to corrosion. Nettle plants are plants that have strong fibers in the bark. In this study, nettle composites were made with variations in the weight fractions of 10%, 15%, and 20%. Hardness testing used the Shore D Durometer. The results of the hardness value of glass fiber composites with weight fractions of 10%, 15%, and 20% are 82.4 Shore D, 84.5 Shore D, and 86.5 Shore D, show an increase in stable hardness because the glass fiber factor is already commercial, the fiber strength is evenly distributed. The hardness values of nettle fiber composites with fractions of 10%, 15%, and 20% are 81.6 Shore D, 85 Shore D, and 86.6 Shore D, the hardness value of each nettle composite increases with the addition of fiber weight fraction but is unstable due to the strength factor of each nettle single fiber uneven. Furthermore, with the right treatment, nettle fiber can replace glass fiber.
Material komposit telah dikembangkan sebagai material alternatif pengganti logam dan kayu. Komposit dari matrik epoksi dengan penguat serat alam sedang dikembangkan, karena serat sintetis sulit terurai secara alami. Komposit dengan penguat serat alam lebih ramah lingkungan. Tanaman jelatang (stinging nettle) merupakan tanaman yang memiliki serat pada kulit batang. Tanaman jelatang tumbuh di seluruh wilayah Indonesia yang beriklim sedang. Di Bali banyak tumbuh di daerah Pupuan-Tabanan. Sifat yang khusus dari serat jelatang adalah kuat dan ringan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan tarik dan lentur komposit epoksi dengan penguat serat jelatang dengan fraksi volume 10%, 15%, dan 20% serat, perlakukan serat dengan NaOH 6% direndam selama 2 jam, panjang serat 5 mm dengan orientasi acak. Komposit dicetak dengan metode hand lay up. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah kekuatan tarik komposit mengalami kenaikan dengan bertambahnya fraksi serat. Nilai kekuatan lentur tertinggi didapatkan pada fraksi volume serat 20% sebesar 46,693 MPa. Composite material has been developed as an alternative material, it is substitute for metal and wood. Composites from epoxy with natural fiber reinforcement are being developed, because synthetic fibers are difficult to decompose naturally. Composite with natural fiber reinforcement is more environmentally friendly. Stinging nettles are plants that have fiber on the bark. Nettle plants grow in sub-district of Indonesia with temperate climates. In Bali many grow in the Pupuan-Tabanan area. The special properties of nettle fibers is strong and light. This study aims to determine the tensile and flexural strength of epoxy composites reinforcement nettle fibers with a volume fraction of fibers 10%, 15%, and 20%, treatment fibers with 6% NaOH, soaked for 2 hours, 5 mm fiber length with random orientation. Composites are product using the hand lay up method. The results obtained from this study are that the composite tensile strength increases with rise fiber fraction. The highest flexural strength value was obtained at 20% fiber fraction of 46.693 MPa.
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