Background Patients with negative TRUS biopsies yet persistently rising PSA values are at risk for occult but significant prostate cancers. The ability of multiparametric MRI and ultrasound (MRI/US) fusion biopsy to detect these occult prostate lesions may make it an effective tool in this challenging scenario. Methods Men with one or more negative systematic prostate biopsies participated in this trial. Between March 2007 and November 2011 all men underwent prostate 3T endorectal coil MRI and MRI/US fusion biopsy. In addition, all patients underwent standard 12 core TRUS biopsy in addition to targeted MRI/US fusion biopsy of concerning lesions identified on MRI. Results Of the 195 men with previous negative biopsies, 73 (37%) were found to have cancer using the MRI/US fusion platform combined with 12 core TRUS biopsy. High grade cancer (Gleason sum 8+) was discovered in 21 men (11%). All 21 men with high grade disease (100%) were detected with MRI/US fusion targeted biopsy while standard TRUS biopsy missed 12 of these high grade cancers (55%). Upgrading occurred in 28 men (38.9%) as a result of MRI targeting versus standard TRUS biopsy. The diagnostic yield of MRI with guided biopsy was unrelated to the number of previous negative biopsies, and persisted despite increasing number of previous biopsy sessions. On multivariable analysis, only PSAD and MRI suspicion level remained significant predictors of cancer. Conclusion Multiparametric MRI in conjunction with a MRI/US fusion biopsy platform is a novel diagnostic tool for detecting prostate cancer and may be ideally suited for patients with negative TRUS biopsies in the face of a persistent clinical suspicion for cancer.

M agnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a widely used diagnostic tool for breast imaging in daily practice, with its high sensitivity to detect primary, recurrent, and residual breast cancer. Breast MRI serves as a reliable problem-solving tool in case of inconclusive mammography and ultrasonography (US) findings. It can be used to monitor the results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and it may also contribute to preoperative evaluation of known lesions. With increasing use of MRI, number of breast lesions visible only on MRI and need for MRI-guided breast biopsy have increased (1). Second-look US can also be used for re-evaluation of these lesions; because US-guided biopsy is an easier, cheaper, and faster method if these lesions are visible on second-look US. According to a recently published meta-analysis, lesion detection rates with second-look US are variable in the literature (22.6%-82.1%). Mass lesions and malignant lesions were more likely to be detected at second-look US; average detection rates were 66% for masses, 29% for non-mass-like enhancement (NME) (2, 3). However, focal or NME lesions, which are less detectable than masses on second-look US, require MRI-guided biopsy in the majority of cases. According to the MRI-guided biopsy series in the literature, approximately 25%-35% of these lesions are diagnosed as malignant (4-9).Within this context, the aim of the present study is to assess the effectiveness of MRI-guided 10 Gauge (G) vacuum-assisted breast biopsies (VABB) performed at our institution and to examine the relationship between lesion characteristics and histopathologic results. B R E A S T I MAG I N G O R I G I N A L A R T I C L E PURPOSEWe aimed to assess the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB), evaluate and compare the characteristics and histopathologic findings of lesions, and overview the follow-up results of benign lesions. METHODSMRI findings and histopathologic results of breast lesions biopsied by MRI-guided VABB between 2013 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. MRI findings closely related with malignancy were investigated in particular. Follow-up results of benign lesions were evaluated. RESULTSMRI-guided VABB was applied to 116 lesions of 112 women. Of the lesions, 75 (65%) were benign, while 41 (35%) were malignant. Segmental (94%), clustered (89%), and clustered ring (67%) nonmass-like enhancement patterns were found to be more related with malignancy. False-negative rate of MRI-guided VABB was 12%, underestimation rate was 21%. One of the 54 followed-up benign lesions had a malignant result. CONCLUSION MRI-guided VABB is a reliable method for the diagnosis of breast lesions that are positive only on MRI. Follow-up results show that cancer detection rate is low for radio-pathologically concordant lesions. Further multicenter studies with larger patient population are needed to elucidate these results.You may cite this article as: Taşkın F, Soyder A, Tanyeri A, Öztürk VS, Ünsal A. Lesion characteristics, histopathologic r...

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