The Booster Neutrino Experiment (MiniBooNE) searches for ν µ → ν e oscillations using the O(1 GeV) neutrino beam produced by the Booster synchrotron at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL). The Booster delivers protons with 8 GeV kinetic energy (8.89 GeV/c momentum) to a beryllium target, producing neutrinos from the decay of secondary particles in the beam line. We describe the Monte Carlo simulation methods used to estimate the flux of neutrinos from the beamline incident on the MiniBooNE detector for both polarities of the focusing horn. The simulation uses the Geant4 framework for propagating particles, accounting for electromagnetic processes and hadronic interactions in the beamline materials, as well as the decay of particles.The absolute double differential cross sections of pion and kaon production in the simulation have been tuned to match external measurements, as have the hadronic cross sections for nucleons and pions. The statistical precision of the flux predictions is enhanced through reweighting and resampling techniques. Systematic errors in the flux estimation have been determined by varying parameters within their uncertainties, accounting for correlations where appropriate.

The T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle θ13θ13 by observing νeνe appearance in a νμνμ beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, View the MathML sourceΔm232 and sin22θ23sin22θ23, via νμνμ disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross-section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem

and comprise 7.482 × 10 20 protons on target in neutrino mode, which yielded in the far detector 32 e-like and 135 μ-like events, and 7.471 × 10 20 protons on target in antineutrino mode, which yielded 4 e-like and 66 μ-like events. Reactor measurements of sin 2 2θ 13 have been used as an additional constraint. The one-dimensional confidence interval at 90% for the phase δ CP spans the range (−3.13, −0.39) for normal mass ordering. The CP conservation hypothesis (δ CP ¼ 0, π) is excluded at 90% C.L.

We report on measurements of neutrino oscillation using data from the T2K long-baseline neutrino experiment collected between 2010 and 2013. In an analysis of muon neutrino disappearance alone, we find the following estimates and 68% confidence intervals for the two possible mass hierarchies: normal hierarchy∶ sin 2 θ 23 ¼ 0.514 þ0.055 −0.056 and Δm 2 32 ¼ ð2.51 AE 0.10Þ × 10 −3 eV 2 =c 4 and inverted hierarchy∶ sin 2 θ 23 ¼ 0.511 AE 0.055 and Δm 2 13 ¼ ð2.48 AE 0.10Þ × 10 −3 eV 2 =c 4 . The analysis accounts for multinucleon mechanisms in neutrino interactions which were found to introduce negligible bias. We describe our first analyses that combine measurements of muon neutrino disappearance and electron neutrino appearance to estimate four oscillation parameters, jΔm 2 j, sin 2 θ 23 , sin 2 θ 13 , δ CP , and the mass hierarchy. Frequentist and Bayesian intervals are presented for combinations of these parameters, with and without including recent reactor measurements. At 90% confidence level and including reactor measurements, we exclude the region δ CP ¼ ½0.15; 0.83 π for normal hierarchy and δ CP ¼ ½−0.08; 1.09 π for inverted hierarchy. The T2K and reactor data weakly favor the normal hierarchy with a Bayes factor of 2.2. The most probable values and 68% one-dimensional credible intervals for the other oscillation parameters, when reactor data are included, are sin 2 θ 23 ¼ 0.528 þ0.055 −0.038 and jΔm 2 32 j ¼ ð2.51 AE 0.11Þ × 10 −3 eV 2 =c 4 .

corresponding to 98% live time for collection. We set a limit on the core-collapse supernova rate out to a distance of 13.4 kpc to be less than 0.69 supernovae per year at 90% C.L.