PurposeThe efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) plus surgery for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains controversial. In this trial, we compared the survival and safety of NCRT plus surgery with surgery alone in patients with locally advanced ESCC.Patients and MethodsFrom June 2007 to December 2014, 451 patients with potentially resectable thoracic ESCC, clinically staged as T1-4N1M0/T4N0M0, were randomly allocated to NCRT plus surgery (group CRT; n = 224) and surgery alone (group S; n = 227). In group CRT, patients received vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) on days 1 and 8 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 IV day 1, or 25 mg/m2 IV on days 1 to 4 every 3 weeks for two cycles, with a total concurrent radiation dose of 40.0 Gy administered in 20 fractions of 2.0 Gy on 5 days per week. In both groups, patients underwent McKeown or Ivor Lewis esophagectomy. The primary end point was overall survival.ResultsThe pathologic complete response rate was 43.2% in group CRT. Compared with group S, group CRT had a higher R0 resection rate (98.4% v 91.2%; P = .002), a better median overall survival (100.1 months v 66.5 months; hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.96; P = .025), and a prolonged disease-free survival (100.1 months v 41.7 months; hazard ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.78; P < .001). Leukopenia (48.9%) and neutropenia (45.7%) were the most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events during chemoradiotherapy. Incidences of postoperative complications were similar between groups, with the exception of arrhythmia (group CRT: 13% v group S: 4.0%; P = .001). Peritreatment mortality was 2.2% in group CRT versus 0.4% in group S (P = .212).ConclusionThis trial shows that NCRT plus surgery improves survival over surgery alone among patients with locally advanced ESCC, with acceptable and manageable adverse events.

MIE offers results as good as or better than open operation in our center with extensive minimally invasive and open experience. In this single institution experience, we observed a lower mortality rate (1.4%) and shorter hospital stay (7 days) than most open series. Given these results, we are now developing an intergroup trial (ECOG 2202) to assess MIE in a multicenter setting.

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When managing nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, contralateral lung abnormalities ≤ 10 mm can be observed if histology of unilateral PM demonstrates complete tumor necrosis. 17. When managing nonseminomatous germ cell tumors, PM is indicated for select patients with limited number of lung abnormalities after first or second-line platin-based chemotherapy suspected of containing viable nonseminomatous cancer and/or malignant transformation of teratoma into non-germ cell cancer. 18. In breast cancer patients, PM can be considered within a MDT construct. Pulmonary metastasectomy literature characteristics Since 1980, greater than 1000 publications addressed pulmonary metastasectomy, without a single randomized controlled trial (RCT). The overwhelming majority is surgical series, usually single institution, and includes single or multiple pathologies. The pool of patients from which metastasectomy patients derive is not reported, allowing no comparative survival analysis. Historical controls are used or metastatic disease survival is assumed to be zero, a contention not supported by the literature. Yet metastasectomy is infrequently performed (1-6.5%) when sizable populations of cancer patients are reported. [1-3] Thus surgical case series manifest inherent selection bias and do not clarify the role of metastasectomy in prolongation of survival or cure. The literature is further hampered by inconsistent or absent description of other local or systemic therapies and variable length of follow up. Finally, the literature fails to distinguish between prognostic (indolent disease which will do well with any or no treatment) or predictive

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