Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous condition accounting for
serious health complications. The present study was conducted to assess the
early clinical, biochemical, and radiological features in obese, non-obese young
women with PCOS as compared to non-PCOS women. The study was conducted on 120
young women (18–22 years) with 80 having features of PCOS [40 obese
(BMI≥25 kg/m2) and 40 non-obese
(BMI<25 kg/m2) PCOS] as cases and 40 without PCOS as
controls in a rural tertiary care center of Northern India over one year
(2017–2018). After enrolment of cases and control, the anthropometric
measurements, early clinical symptoms, and biochemical and ultrasonographic
features were compared between the groups. Statistical analysis was done using
SPSS software version 22.0 (p-value<0.05). A significant difference in
anthropometric measurements were observed between obese and non-obese PCOS
cases. Clinical features like acne, acanthosis nigricans, and hirsutism were
more prevalent in obese PCOS as compared to non-obese and controls. On
ultrasound, PCOS cases had a significantly increased number of peripherally
arranged ovarian follicles, and ovarian volume. The LH: FSH ratio was
significantly higher in cases as compared to controls. The levels of serum LH
(10.04±1.60 vs. 8.93±2.40 mIU/ml) and total testosterone
(2.71±0.39 vs. 2.21±0.39 pg/ml) were higher in
obese PCOS as compared to non-obese PCOS cases. In conclusion, clinical,
biochemical, and radiological features can be used in the early diagnosis of
PCOS. Obesity is an independent risk factor for PCOS and is associated with an
increased risk of complications.
Background:Recent developments in assisted reproductive technology focus on potential advances to improve its success rate. Atosiban, a combined oxytocin/vasopressin V1a receptor antagonist, is a novel class of drug involved in basic priming of the uterus for successful implantation during embryo transfer (ET).Objectives:The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of atosiban (study group) in ET patients in comparison to placebo (control group) regarding implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), and ongoing pregnancy rate and to assess the safety profile of atosiban.Materials and Methods:A total of 320 women undergoing in vitro fertilization-ET at a tertiary care hospital were enrolled in the study. In the study group, atosiban was given as initial intravenous (IV) bolus injection 0.9 ml (6.75 mg), 30 min before ET followed by continuous IV infusion of atosiban. In the control group, placebo (normal saline) was infused at the same rate and dose. Pregnancy was confirmed 14 days after ET by β-human chronic gonadotropin level. IR and CPR were determined by doing transvaginal sonography 3 weeks and 6 weeks postET, respectively.Results:In women with atosiban treatment, the positive pregnancy rate and CPRs were 41.25% and 36.25%, respectively. The IR per embryo transferred was 17.5%. No major side effects of atosiban were noted among enlisted patients. The miscarriage rate and ectopic pregnancy rate were low (12.12% and 4.54%, respectively). Forty-two women had singleton gestation, while twin and triplet pregnancies were encountered in 13 and 3 women, respectively. No congenital anomalies were observed during an antenatal scan at 18–20 weeks in ongoing pregnancies. The positive pregnancy rate, the CPR, and the IR in the control group was 35%, 30%, and 16.5%, respectively, which was significantly lower than the atosiban group.Conclusion:Atosiban reduces uterine contractions and increases endomyometrial perfusion, both of which have potential benefits regarding improved IRs, CPR, and ongoing pregnancy rates. Atosiban has a good embryonic safety profile.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.