Aim:The present study was carried out to know the expression level of survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein with an objective to determine its prognostic importance in cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue tumors of dogs.Materials and Methods:Forty cases of canine cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue tumors on histopathological examination revealed various round cell, epithelial, and mesenchymal cell tumors. Survivin gene expression was detected in all tumors tested by TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assay by comparative cycle threshold method.Results:The mean survivin gene expression value of benign tumors was 0.94±0.63 folds and that of malignant tumors was 18.87±5.30 folds. Postsurgical follow up of 30 malignant tumor cases revealed death in 8, recurrence in 7, and neoplastic free alive status in 15 dogs with mean survivin fold difference values of 48.49±12.39, 14.63±6.37, and 5.034±2.27, respectively. The mean survivin gene expression value was significantly higher in malignant (30 cases, 18.87±5.30) compared to benign tumors (10 cases, 0.94±0.63), and it varied between various postsurgical follow-up groups (p<0.05). Survival analysis, using survivin gene expression median cutoff value of 3.74 in 30 malignant tumors, was performed to predict probable survival period in malignant cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors of dogs.Conclusions:Results of the present study indicated that the expression of survivin in canine cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors has prognostic value, and survivin expression greater than median cutoff value of 3.74 has a poor prognosis.
The effect of aged garlic extract on different biochemical parameters was studied. The study included 72 Wistar albino rats, divided 12 in each group into six groups. Group I served as normal control group. To group II high fat diet was given as diet control. Rats in the group III were administered aged garlic extract at 200mg/kg bw. Group IV rats were administered aged garlic extract at 200mg/kg.bw with high fat diet. Rats in group V were administered atorvastatin at 15mg/kg.bw with high fat diet. The group VI rats with aged garlic extract and atorvastatin at half dose (100mg and 7.5mg/kg respectively) with high fat diet. The duration of the study was for 56 days and the blood samples were collected at 42 nd and 56 th day of study for evaluation. The high fat diet induced hyperlipidemia altered biochemical parameters; significant increase (P<0.05) total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, VLDL-c and reduction in the HDLc. The serum enzymes like ALT, AST were also increased, but no change was observed in the serum levels of GGT, BUN and creatinine. The aged garlic extract treatment at the dosage used showed moderate improvements in the mean (±SE) values of lipid profile and serum enzymes, this suggested that the aged garlic extract could be used for improving the high fat diet induced serum biochemical abnormalities.
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