There is increasing demand for the production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. Lignocellulosic biomass consists mainly of three polymeric components: cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin. The separation of these components requires an effective pretreatment process to ensure high quality glucose production, and is highly influenced by several factors, including moisture content, cellulose crystallinity, lignin content, and available surface area. Over time, numerous pretreatment methods have been utilized to change the lignocellulosic fiber structure and to enhance the enzymatic saccharification of cellulose to polysaccharides. This article reviews thermal-based pretreatment of lignocellulosic fiber used for glucose production. Based on the reviewed studies, autohydrolysis of lignocellusic biomass, followed by the “Instant pressure drop (DIC),” method can be regarded as an effective pretreatment process of lignocellusic biomass.
Instant controlled pressure drop (DIC) technology was utilized in the production of glucose from sago pith waste (SPW). In situ autohydrolysis was conducted in a DIC reactor to obtain the maximum glucose production. The influence of pressure, acid concentration, and treatment time on the glucose yield from SPW subjected to DIC-assisted in situ autohydrolysis was determined, and the experimental conditions were optimized using the response surface method. The results showed that the linear term of acid concentration and the quadratic terms of pressure and time had a significant effect on the glucose yield. The optimized experimental conditions for maximum glucose production (48.21%) from SPW subjected to DIC-assisted autohydrolysis were a pressure of 0.1 MPa, acid concentration of 0.1 M, and time of 4 min. The findings demonstrated that DIC technology has the potential to be utilized for the commercial production of glucose from SPW.
Abstract-The impact of fast and slow heating during non-isothermal hydrolysis stage of crude sago starch was compared between DIC system (direct steam injection) against DAH system (external heating source). Heating process, glucose and glucose degradation products was quantified and modelled after the first order kinetic reaction. Rate constant, h was obtained from a numerical model fitted into kinetic data. h DIC was 45 min -1 and 33 min -1 at 130°C and 150°C respectively, while h DAH was 0.565 min -1 and 0.725 min -1 at respective temperature. Relative rate h DIC /h DAH was 79.7 and 45.5 at respective temperature. Glucose generation rate during non-isothermal stage was 6.0 mg/s and 1.03 mg/s for respective DIC and DAH system. Total glucose degradation products at the end of non-isothermal stage were 0.4 mg (DIC) and 20.5 mg (DAH). It is concluded that DIC system having potential as a pre-treatment system to optimize glucose generation while controlling its degradation.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.