A doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from the cross between high-yielding japonica rice cultivars 'Deuraechan' and 'Boramchan' was developed to increase diversity of panicle and yield-related traits and select high-yielding lines. Panicle and yield-related traits of DH population consisting of 163 lines and 13 selected high-yielding lines were analyzed using correlation, principal component, and path analysis. Among panicle-related traits, number of spikelets on secondary rachis-branches (SRBs) was more highly correlated with and had more positive effect on number of spikelets (NS) than number of spikelets on primary rachis-branches (PRBs) per panicle. In the DH population, NS had the most positive effect on yield, whereas panicle number per hill (PN) was in the selected lines. PN was significantly positive correlated with ratio of ripened grain (RGG) in both case. The enhancement of ripening and increase of total spikelets number by increasing PN had more effect on yield than increase of total spiekelts number by increasing NS in the selected lines. Among 13 lines, four lines, AC60, AC152, AC156, and AC161 showed higher yield than Deuraechan (481 kg/10a) and Boramchan (558 kg/10a). Deuraechan exhibited panicle-weight type with low tiller and heavy panicles and Boramchan was slightly panicle-number type with more PN and higher RGG. Selected high-yielding lines showed medium characteristics of parents with improved yield potential. These elite lines could be utilized to develop high-yielding japonica rice.
This study was conducted to develop multi-resistant lines to brown planthopper, bacterial blight, and rice stripe virus using anther culture in rice. A total of 213 double haploid lines were developed the cross between HR26234-12-1-1 conferring resistant to bacterial blight and rice stripe virus and SR30071-3-7-23-6-2-1-1 conferring resistant to brown planthopper, bacterial bight, and rice stripe virus. Using DNA molecular marker, HR26234 and SR30071 were confirmed to have Xa3+xa5+Stvb-i and Bph18+Xa4+Stvb-i, respectively. All double haploid lines carried and Bph18+Xa3, Bph18+Xa4, Bph18+Xa3+xa5, Bph18+Xa4+xa5, bph18+Xa3, bph18+Xa4, bph18+Xa3+xa5, and bph18+Xa4+xa5 combinations were identified. Segregation distortions such as no combinations carrying Bph18(or bph18)+xa5+Stvb-i and fewer lines carrying Bph18 than bph18 were occurred in DH population. Brown planthopper resistant lines carrying Bph18 showed longer culm length than susceptible lines. Selected Bph18+Xa4+xa5+Stvb-i combination lines with short culm conferred resistant to brown planthopper, bacterial blight, and rice stripe virus, while showed deleterious effects such as spikelet sterility, lower yield, and vulnerable to lodging than standard and comparative varieties. Using anther culture, we rapidly developed multi-resistant lines to brown planthopper, bacterial blight, and rice stripe virus. However, distorted segregation in DH population and linkage drag with Bph18 were obstacles to develop practical multi-resistant cultivars.
'Ondami', a japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Hitomebore having a high grain quality and Sangju27 adaptable to southern mid-mountainous area was developed by the rice breeding team of Sangju Substation, NICS, RDA in 2013. The heading date of 'Ondami' is july 27 which is same with 'Odae' in Southern mid-mountainous area, mid mountainous, southern alpine area and northeast coastal area of South Korea. 'Ondami' has 70cm culm length, 19cm panicle length which is 2cm shorter than those of 'Odae' and 78 spikelets per panicle. In reaction to biotic and abiotic stresses, it shows strong resistance to blast, but is susceptible to bacterial blight, virus diseases, and insect pests. The milled rice of 'Ondami' exhibits translucent and, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm, and medium short grain shape. This variety has a higher head rice milling recovery ratio(73.1%) and lower amylose content(18.8%) than that of 'Odae'. The milled rice yield performance of this variety was about 5.29 MT/ha in ordinary cultivation of local adaptability test for three years. 'Ondami' could be adaptable to Southern mid-mountainous area, mid mountainous, southern alpine area and northeast coastal area of South Korea.
This experiments were carried out to know the response to Brown Planthopper(BPH) resistance genes at rice seedling stage using Biotype 1 for develoment of resistant cultivars. Varieties with Bph1, Bph3 and Bph18 genes showed a very strong resistance response, Bph2, Bph6, bph7 and Bph9 genes exhibited moderate resistance. bph5 and bph8 gene retention varieties and Nampyeongbyeo showed a very weak sensitivity in response to BPH. After 72 hours, Nampyeong(no gene) and IR72(Bph3 gene) were showed a feed-preference 690% and 0%, respectively. Results of Antixenosis and seedling resistance response to BPH were grouped into similar by specific resistance genes. Ten days after inoculation, BPH survival rate of vareities with resistance genes were below 30%, whereas Nampyeongbyeo was more than 70%. The results showed that Bph3 and Bph18 genes are highly resistant response against BPH, these genes are very useful for improve the rice cultivars with various resistance genes
: This study was conducted to investigate the resistance reaction of single resistance genes and their pyramiding effects in indica and japonica rice against bacterial blight disease in Korea. Resistance reaction of indica and japonica near-isogenic lines and pyramided lines carrying resistance genes to four predominant and other sixteen bacterial blight isolates was investigated. Among singe resistance genes, Xa1, Xa3, and Xa21 in indica and japonica near-isogenic lines exhibited same or similar resistance reaction. On the other hand, Xa4 and xa5 showed higher resistant reaction in indica background than in japonica background. Combined resistance genes provided the pyramiding effects such as increasing the resistance relative to single gene or two genes and the complementation of susceptibility in both indica and japonica rice. Newly identified combinations in japonica rice, Xa3+Xa21, xa5+Xa21, and Xa3+xa5+Xa21, conferred resistance to all isolates and showed higher resistant reaction than Xa3+xa5 widely used in Korea. These could be the efficient and promising combinations for enhancing the resistance of japonica rice and delaying the breakdown of resistance against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Korea.
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