Fourteen years of protection against grazing and human impacts of the coastal lowland vegetation in Eastern Saudi Arabia (an experimental site in the vicinity of A1-Hassa region) has led to an increase of 68 % in the total cover, 33 % in species richness and 32% in species relative evenness. Many of the species with significantly higher abundance in the protected area are important forage and/or fuel plants. Soil salinity and important soil nutrients (N, K, Mg and Na) are significantly higher in the free grazing area which may be attributable to the fact that the passage of herbage through the grazing animals often enhances nutrient availability.

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El-Kady H. F. 2000. Seasonal variation in phytomass and nutrient status of Phragmites australis along the water courses in the middle Nile Delta, Egypt. Taeckholmia 20(2): 123-138. The present study provides an evaluation of the nutrient status of Phragmites australis, which is one of the most important weeds along the water courses in the middle Nile Delta Egypt. Shoots were collected seasonally from twenty-five permanent stands. Living and dead parts and total phytomass were estimated. The inorganic (Na, K,