To suppress capacity
fading of nickel-rich materials for lithium-ion
batteries, a homogeneous Al3+ doping strategy is realized
through tailoring the Al3+ diffusion path from the bulk
surface to interior. Specifically, the layered LiNi0.88Co0.095Mn0.025O2 cathode with the
radial arrangement of primary grains is successfully synthesized through
optimization design of precursors. The Al3+ follows the
radially oriented primary grains into the bulk by introduction of
nano-Al2O3 during the sintering process, realizing
the homogeneous Al3+ distribution in the whole material.
Particularly, a series of nano-Al2O3-modified
LiNi0.88Co0.095Mn0.025O2 are investigated. With the 2% molar weight of Al3+ doping,
the capacity retention ratio of the cathode is tremendously improved
from 52.26 to 91.57% at 1 C rate after 150 cycles. Even at a heavy
current density of 5 (&10) C for the LiNi0.88Co0.095Mn0.025O2–Al2% cathode, a high reversible capacity of 172.3 (&165.7) mA h g–1 can be acquired, which amount to the 84.46 (&81.25)
% capacity retention at 0.2 C. Moreover, voltage deterioration is
significantly suppressed by homogeneous Al3+ doping from
the results of median voltage and dQ/dV curves. Therefore, homogeneous Al3+ doping benefited
from the radial arrangement of primary grains provides an effective
and practical way to prolong lifespan, as well as improves rate performance
and voltage stability of nickel-rich ternary materials.
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