The formation of fleshy fruits involves three stages: growth, development and maturation. The objective of this review is to compile information on relevant research related to fruit maturation and biochemical changes occurring during post-harvest management. In order to carry out this study search we used multiple databases (Scielo, Redalyc, Elsevier, Scopus, Wiley online library, Sciencedirect, Springer). The ripening of the fruit is an important process that activates a whole set of biochemical routes that make it attractive and desirable for consumers. The study of the maturation of fruits has been of great interest in the research since the biochemical and physicochemical changes that occur during this stage cause great economic losses. It is important to have knowledge of the processes, which allows biotechnologists and plant breeders to generate more knowledge or propose outstanding horticultural materials, application of postharvest management techniques more effective and useable to reduce postharvest losses. ResumenLa formación de frutos carnosos involucra tres etapas: crecimiento, desarrollo y maduración. El objetivo de esta revisión se enfoca en la recopilación de la información sobre investigaciones relevantes relacionadas con la maduración de los frutos y los cambios bioquímicos que ocurren durante el manejo postcosecha de éstos. Para realizar esta búsqueda de estudios se realizó uso de múltiples bases de datos (Scielo, Redalyc, Elsevier, Scopus, Wiley online library, Sciencedirect, Springer). La maduración del fruto es un importante proceso que activa a todo un conjunto de rutas bioquímicas que hacen que éste sea atractivo y deseable para los consumidores. El estudio de la maduración de los frutos ha sido de gran interés en la investigación ya que los cambios bioquímicos y fisicoquímicos que ocurren durante esta etapa ocasionan grandes pérdidas económicas. Es importante tener conocimiento de los procesos, lo que permite que los investigadores biotecnologos y fitomejoradores generan mas conocimiento o propongan materiales hortofrutícolas 4076 sobresalientes, aplicación de técnicas de manejo poscosecha mas efectivas y aprovechables para disminuir las pérdidas postcosecha.Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc. Pub. Esp. Núm. 19 12 de noviembre -31 de diciembre, 2017 Mónica Elizabeth Martínez-González et al.Palabras clave: etileno, frutos climatéricos, maduración, poscosecha. IntroducciónEl ablandamiento de los frutos es una serie de eventos genéticamente programados, caracterizados por procesos bioquímicos y fisiológicos que alteran su firmeza, color, sabor y textura (Nishiyama et al., 2007). Dado que la mayor parte de los atributos de calidad son el resultadao del proceso de maduración, se ha considerado esencial comprender los mecanismos regulatorios involucrados en esta etapa de desarrollo de los frutos (Bouzayen et al., 2010).Los frutos son productos altamente perecederos debido a su arquitectura celular y la intensa actividad metabólica (Dos Santos et al., 2015). Algunos procesos de deterioro causan...
The changes in concentration of vitamin C, enzymatic and antioxidant activity during the ripening of two soursop selections (G1 and G2) at room temperature (22 ºC) and refrigeration (15 ºC) with an HR 85% were evaluated. The content of soluble protein, the activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), the concentration of vitamin C, as well as the antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. The initial soluble protein concentration of the G1 and G2 selections diminished at 22 and 15 °C during ripening. Fruits stored at 22 °C showed the highest CAT activity. The maximum activity of SOD was recorded on the sixth and fourth day in fruits stored at 22 and 15 ºC, respectively. Fruits stored at 22 °C recorded the highest amount of vitamin C. Fruits stored at 22 and 15 ºC showed the highest antioxidant activity on the fourth day. The fruits stored at 15 ºC was able to increase the shelf life up to 8 days without affecting the ripening process. Therefore, the enzymatic and antioxidant activity has an important role in the possible alteration that the fruit might suffer during its fruit ripening.
El nanche es un frutal de recolección cuyos frutos son apreciados por su sabor agridulce. El objetivo fue evaluar la calidad en frutos de 41 genotipos de nanche (Byrsonima crassifolia L. HBK) procedentes de la zona de clima cálido de Nayarit, México. Las variables de la calidad analizadas en los frutos: color, peso fresco (PFF), longitud (LF), diámetro (DF), sólidos solubles totales (°Brix), acidez titulable (porcentaje de ácido cítrico), pH de frutos. Además, se determinó el peso seco de la semilla (PSS). Se usó análisis estadístico multivariado de componentes principales para el procesamiento de datos. Tres componentes principales (CP’s) explicaron 80.61% de la varianza total (VT). El CP1 contribuyó con 38.58 de la VT en donde resultaron de importancia las variables morfológicas: peso, diámetro, longitud y tamaño de fruto mientras que el CP2 representó 24.78% de la VT, donde resultaron relevantes las características químicas: porcentaje de ácido cítrico de la pulpa (AC) y pH del jugo del fruto. En el CP3 resultaron importantes los sólidos solubles totales (°Brix), y la relación °Brix/pH de la pulpa que contribuyeron con 17.25% de la varianza total. La relación °Brix/AC, más el peso, tamaño y color amarillo de la epidermis del fruto fueron los parámetros de calidad que podrían usarse como cualidades genéticas para seleccionar genotipos de nanche.
This work evaluates the effect of the pathogens Colletotrichum siamense and C. gloeosporioides on the response of soursop fruits. The bioactive compounds (total phenols, flavonoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and saponins) were evaluated qualitatively in soursop pulp. Positive phytochemicals and antioxidant activity (DPPH•, ABTS•+, and FRAP) were quantified at day zero, one, three, and five. Fruits treated with C. gloeosporioides showed higher disease severity (P<0.05). Early fruit response (day one) was observed with both pathogens, increased the concentration of saponins and repressed the production of quercetin 3-O-glucoside (P<0.05). Likewise, C. siamense decreased total soluble phenols and flavonoids and increased antiradical activity DPPH•. Besides, C. gloeosporioides decreased the levels of kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside and ferulic acid (P<0.05). Regarding the late response (day three), both pathogens decreased the concentration of saponins and increased flavonoids and phytosterols (P<0.05). Nevertheless, C. siamense increased the levels of total soluble phenols, p-coumaric acid, kaempferol, and antiradical activity FRAP (P<0.05). Also, C. gloeosporioides repressed the production of quercetin 3-O-glucoside at day five (P<0.05). Soursop fruits had a response to the attack of Colletotrichum during ripening at physicochemical and oxidative levels, which is associated with the production of compounds related to the development inhibition of pathogens. Even so, soursop fruits showed higher susceptibility to C. gloeosporioides and higher sensitivity to the attack of C. siamense.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.