Consensus was reached on how to design and conduct inclusive health research. However, this statement should be continuously adapted to incorporate recent knowledge. The focus of this consensus statement is largely on inclusive health research, but the principles can also be applied to other areas.

Background The lockdown-measures in response to COVID-19 taken by long-term care organisations might have impacted problem behaviour and behavioural functioning of people with intellectual disability. This study tested changes in reported incidents, in particular regarding aggression, unexplained absence and, for contrast, medication errors. Methods Metadata on weekly incident and near-incident reports from 2016 to June 2020 involving over 14 000 clients with mild to serious intellectual disability of 's Heeren Loo, a long-term care organisation for people with intellectual disability, were subjected to interrupted time series analysis, comparing the COVID-19 with the pre-COVID-19 period. Results The imposition of lockdown-measures coincided with a significant drop in incidents (total, P < .001; aggression, P = .008; unexplained absences, P = .008; and medication errors, P < .001). Incidents in total (P = .001) and with aggression (P < .001) then climbed from this initial low level, while medication errors remained stably low (P = .94). Conclusion The rise in incidents involving aggression, against the background of generally lowered reporting, underlines the need for pandemic control measures that are suitable for people with intellectual disability in long-term care.

The estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) is known to be involved in metabolic pathways influencing growth. We have performed two population-based association studies using three common polymorphisms within this candidate gene to determine whether these are associated with variation in adult stature. In 607 women, aged 55-80 yr, from the Rotterdam Study, the ESR1 PvuII-XbaI haplotype 1 (px) and the L allele of the TA repeat polymorphism (<18 TA repeats) were significantly associated with an allele dose-dependent decrease in height. The per allele copy of ESR1 PvuII-XbaI haplotype 1 height was 0.9 cm shorter (P trend = 0.02) and 1.0 cm/allele copy of the TA repeat L allele (P trend = 0.003). These results were independent of age, age at menarche and menopause, and lumbar spine bone mineral density and remained significant after participants with vertebral fractures were excluded. In 483 men from the Rotterdam Study we found no association with height. In 1500 pre- and perimenopausal women from the Eindhoven Study a similar association was observed; women were 0.5 cm shorter per allele copy of the ESR1 haplotype 1 (P for trend = 0.03). In conclusion, we demonstrate a role for genetic variations in the estrogen receptor alpha gene in determining adult stature in women.

Given the expensive and intensive treatment regimen, its modest height gain results, and the possible adverse effect on peak bone mineralization in males, GH plus GnRHa cannot be considered routine treatment for children with idiopathic short stature or persistent short stature after being born small for gestational age.