Trying to conceive and being pregnant is an emotional period for those involved. In the majority of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease, maintenance therapy is required during pregnancy to control the disease, and disease control might necessitate introduction of new drugs during a vulnerable period. In this updated consensus on the reproduction and pregnancy in inflammatory bowel disease reproductive issues including fertility, the safety of drugs during pregnancy and lactation are discussed.

Glutathione transferases (GSTs) of a novel class, which it is proposed to term Theta, were purified from rat and human liver. Two, named GST 5-5 and GST 12-12, were obtained from the rat, and one, named GST theta, was from the human. Unlike other mammalian GSTs they lack activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene and are not retained by GSH affinity matrices. Only GST 5-5 retains full activity during purification, and its activities towards the substrates 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)propane, p-nitrobenzyl chloride, p-nitrophenethyl bromide, cumene hydroperoxide, dichloromethane and DNA hydroperoxide are 185, 86, 67, 42, 11 and 0.03 mumol/min per mg of protein respectively. Earlier preparations of GST 5-5 or GST E were probably a mixture of GST 5-5 and GST 12-12, which was largely inactive, and may also have been contaminated by less than 1% with another GSH peroxidase of far greater activity. Partial analysis of primary structure shows that subunits 5, 12 and theta are related to each other, particularly at the N-terminus, where 25 of 27 residues are identical, but have little relationship to the Alpha, Mu and Pi classes of mammalian GSTs. They do, however, show some relatedness to subunit I of Drosophila melanogaster [Toung, Hsieh & Tu (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87, 31-35] and the dichloromethane dehalogenase of Methylobacterium DM4 [La Roche & Leisinger (1990) J. Bacteriol, 172, 164-171].

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Infliximab is not superior to placebo in preventing clinical recurrence after CD-related resection. However, infliximab does reduce endoscopic recurrence. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01190839.