Two prospective, randomized studies evaluated everolimus 1.5 vs. 3 mg/day with steroids and lowexposure cyclosporine (CsA) (C 2 monitoring) in de novo renal transplant patients. Everolimus dosing was adjusted to maintain a minimum trough level of 3 ng/mL. Study 1 (A2306; n = = 237) had no induction therapy; in Study 2 (A2307; n = = 256) basiliximab was administered (Days 0 and 4). The primary endpoint was renal function at 6 months. CsA C 2 target levels, initially 1200 ng/mL in Study 1 and 600 ng/mL in Study 2, were tapered over time post-transplant. Median creatinine levels in Study 1 were 133 and 132 lmol/L at 6 months in the 1.5 and 3 mg/day groups, respectively, and 130 lmol/L in both groups in Study 2. Biopsyproven acute rejection (BPAR) occurred in 25.0% and 15.2% of patients in the 1.5 and 3 mg/day groups in Study 1, and 13.7% and 15.1% in Study 2. Incidence of BPAR was significantly higher in patients with an everolimus trough < < 3 ng/mL. There were no significant between-group differences in the composite endpoint of BPAR, graft loss or death, nor any significant between-group differences in adverse events in either study. Concentration-controlled everolimus with lowexposure CsA provided effective protection against rejection with good renal function.

Objective measures to evaluate quality of life are gaining importance as an adjuvant in assessing therapeutic interventions. The study purpose was to compare quality of life in renal transplant patients with functioning graft and those who restarted dialysis after graft loss. Quality of life was measured using the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire (WHOQOL-Bref). One hundred and thirty two patients were interviewed, and divided into two groups: group I, 100 patients on regular follow-up in outpatient clinics and stable graft functioning; and group II, 32 patients who restarted dialysis after graft loss. The WHOQOL-Bref showed better quality of life in those renal transplant patients with a functioning graft, especially regarding the physical and psychological domains assessed in the general questions. There were no differences between the groups in the social relationship and environmental domains. WHOQOL-Bref is an efficient tool and can be useful for better approaching these patients, not only on a medical basis.

The use of adenosine antagonists was ineffective to treat PTP in our series. However, treatment with enalapril promoted an erythropoiesis inhibition, demonstrated by a reduction in hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and reticulocyte count, associated with an increase in iron stores. This response occurred independently from erythropoietin levels or hemodynamic graft changes.

No abstract

General anesthesia associated or not with epidural block was the anesthetic technique used. Hypotension was the most common hemodynamic change. Live-donor graft and volume of hydration of 80 mL.kg(-1) of NS favored diuresis.

Evaluation of serum creatinine and urinalysis can be useful in suggesting the histological graft diagnosis.

INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS:A primeira referência de retardo no esvaziamento gástrico (EG) foi feita por Grodstein em 1979. Outros estudos foram publicados posteriormente, nem sempre confirmando essa observação. A importância do EG em anestesia pode ser resumida em um de seus aspectos principais, o jejum pré-operatório. O retardo no esvaziamento pode causar estase e aumentar o risco de vômito e aspiração pulmonar. A possibilidade de existir retardo do esvaziamento em urêmicos é atraente. Queixas dispépticas são comuns nesses pacientes e poderiam ser explicadas pela dificuldade de esvaziamento gástrico. Apesar das evidências, a literatura é muito controversa nesse aspecto. Não há consenso quanto aos resultados obtidos. Diferenças no método de estudo utilizado poderiam explicar esses resultados, observados em estudos clínicos e experimentais. O objetivo desse estudo foi rever alguns aspectos importantes da síndrome dispéptica em pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) terminal, com ênfa-se no retardo do EG. CONTEÚDO:Serão abordados os aspectos básicos relacionados com a fisiologia do EG, os métodos mais empregados para o estudo do EG, a síndrome dispéptica e a uremia e o esvaziamento gástrico na insuficiência renal crônica. CONCLUSÕES:O EG é um processo fisiológico complexo de transferência do alimento do estômago para o duodeno, cujos mecanismos ainda não estão devidamente esclarecidos. A cintilografia, utilizando refeições acrescidas de radiofármacos, é o exame mais utilizado para o estudo do EG. Uma porcentagem expressiva de pacientes com IRC terminal apresenta retardo no EG. Possivelmente outros mecanismos, além da uremia que participa da função motora gástrica, estão envolvidos nesta disfunção.

The use of infusion solutions in the surgical field requires careful monitoring, such as electrocardiography, measurement of serum potassium, and availability of calcium gluconate, insulin, and albuterol for immediate use. The replacement of Euro-Collins' solution for saline solution immediately before the implant may be a useful option in patients with high levels of potassium.