Jackfruit leaves contain saponins, flavonoids and tannins. Which are know to have antibacterial compounds. The purpose of this study is to make cream of jackfruit leaf extract with a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15% and test the quality of preparations of jackfruit leaf extract cream and there is antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The method used is the ethanol extract of Jackfruit leaves by formulating it as an M/A type cream. The results showed the cream of jackfruit leaf extract fulfilled all the physical stability tests of the cream and in the antibacterial testing of cream of Jackfruit leaf extract could inhibit the effectiveness of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. As concluded, the Jackfruit leaf extract Conclusions obtained by jackfruit leaf extract can be formulated as a cream with a concentration of 5%, 10% and 15%, and cream preparations meet the cream quality test parameters, for testing the effectiveness of antibacterial to the biggest inhibition zone Staphylococcus aureus is 10.5 mm at 15% concentration. Keywords: Jackfruit leaves, cream antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus. ABSTRAK Daun Nangka memiliki kandungan saponin, flavonoid dan tannin yang berperan sebagai senyawa antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu membuat krim ekstrak daun Nangka dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%, menguji mutu dan efektivitas antibakteri krim ekstrak daun Nangka terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode yang digunakan yaitu ekstrak etanol daun Nangka dengan memformulasikan sebagai krim dengan tipe M/A. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan krim ekstrak daun Nangka memenuhi semua uji kestabilan fisik krim dan dalam pengujian antibakteri krim ekstrak daun Nangka dapat menghambat efektivitas bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Kesimpulan yang diapat ekstrak daun Nangka dapat diformulasikan sebagai krim dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15%, dan sediaan krim memenuhi parameter uji kualitas krim, untuk pengujian efektivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus zona hambat terbesar yaitu 10,5 mm pada konsentrasi 15%. Kata kunci: Daun Nangka, krim antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus.
Medication Error is every event that can be avoided which can cause or result in improper drug service or harm the patient while the drug is under the supervision of health personnel or patients. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of Medication Errors, which occur, in the precscribing phase and the dispensing phase of internal outpatient clinic. This research is a descriptive analysis research with prospective data collection. Study sample is 332 prescriptions of internal outpatient clinic who entered the pharmaceutical installation of Bhayangkara Hospital, Level III, in the period of January 2019. The results showed that there was a Medication Error in both phases. Medication Error that occurs in the prescribing phase includes; no birth date (age) 80.12%, no dosage form 38.85%, no consentration/dosage 27.71%, incomplete prescription of hard drugs 6.32%, can’t read prescribing letter 3.01%, incorrect/unclear patient name 1.20 %, there is no number of drugs 0.30% and there are no administration rules 0.30%. Medication Error that occurs in the dispensing phase includes; drug delivery outside the instructions is 8.13%, the drug delivered is less that 1.81%, and writing etiquette is wrong or incomplete 0.30%. Based on the data above, it can be concluded that there is a potensial of Medication Error in the prescribing and dispensing phase at Bhayangkara Hospital, Level III, Manado. Keywords: Medication Error, Prescribing, Dispensing, Clinic Internally Bhayangkara Hospital Tk.III Manado. ABSTRAKMedication Error adalah setiap kejadian yang dapat dihindari yang dapat menyebabkan atau berakibat pada pelayanan obat yang tidak tepat atau membahayakan pasien sementara obat berada dalam pengawasan tenaga kesehatan atau pasien. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui prevalensi Medication Error yang terjadi pada fase prescribing dan fase dispensing pasien rawat jalan poli interna. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan pengumpulan data secara prospektif. Terhadap 332 resep pasien rawat jalan Poli Interna yang masuk di instalasi farmasi Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Tk.III Manado periode bulan Januari 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi Medication Error pada kedua fase tersebut. Medication Error yang terjadi pada Fase prescribing meliputi; tidak ada tanggal lahir (usia) 80.12 %, tidak ada bentuk sediaan 38.85 %, tidak ada konsentrasi/dosis sediaan 27.71 %, tidak lengkap penulisan resep obat keras 6.32 %, tulisan resep tidak terbaca 3.01 %, salah/tidak jelas nama pasien 1.20 %, tidak ada jumlah obat 0.30 % dan tidak ada aturan pakai 0.30 %. Medication Error yang terjadi pada Fase dispensing meliputi; pemberian obat diluar instruksi 8.13 %, obat yang diserahkan kurang 1.81 %, dan penulisan etiket yang salah atau tidak lengkap 0.30 %. Berdasarkan data diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa masih terjadi Medication Error pada fase prescribing dan dispensing di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Tk.III Manado. Kata kunci : Medication Error, Prescribing, Dispensing, Poli Interna Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Tk.III Manado.
The level of satisfaction achievement on the services provided to patients, both the quality of health services and the health care system, will be the first choice for patients to visit the hospital. The objective of this study was to determine inpatients satisfaction level in the internal diseases room on drug services at Pharmacy Installation Hospital of X Tahuna. This research was a descriptive research with crosssectional design. The research instrument was a form of a questionnaire of hope and reality which was adopted from Nangaro in 2019. The validity and reliability test of the questionnaire was conducted on 30 respondents and data analysis using index of total quality service. There are 115 people who have met the inclusion criteria, such as being willing to be a respondent, being able to read and write, aged ≥ 18 years old, and were currently undergoing treatment in the interna room and have received service at X Tahuna Hospital. Analysis of satisfaction data was using the Weighted Servqual model. The results showed an overall satisfaction index of -0.20, while the satisfaction index for each dimension was as follows: -0.29 for the tangibles dimension, -0.278 emphaty dimensions, -0.17 reliability dimensions, -0.274 dimensions responsiveness, and - 0.32 for the assurance dimension. The overall satisfaction index as well as each dimension shows a negative value, which means that the patient is not satisfied with the drug services at X Tahuna Hospital Pharmacy Installation. The Hospital must re-evaluate the number of human resources (pharmacist-patient ratio), the flow of drug services, as well as the completeness of the available facilities.
Good service quality will lead to satisfaction in patients. Pharmaceutical services especially in hospitals are sued to realization the expansion of the pharmaceutical service paradigm from product orientation to patient orientation. This study aims to determine the level of outpatient satisfaction to quality of drug service in the Pharmacy Installation of Liun Kendage Tahuna Hospital based on five dimensions of service quality namely tangibles, empathy, reliability, responsiveness, and assurance. This research is a descriptive study with prospective data collection. Number of samples is 347 people, the process of collecting primary data is done using research instruments in the form of questionnaires and data processing to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire using SPSS 17 for Windows program. The results showed that the overall satisfaction index value was -0.63. The satisfaction index for each dimension is; tangible -0.62; empathy -0.58; reliability -0.59; responsiveness -0.59; and assurance -0.70. This shows that the worth satisfaction index is negative, which means that outpatients at the Liun Kendage Tahuna Hospital Pharmacy Installation are not yet feel satisfied with the services provided. Keywords: patient satisfaction, quality service, RSUD Liun Kendage Tahuna.ABSTRAKKualitas pelayanan yang baik akan menimbulkan kepuasan pada pasien. Pelayanan kefarmasian khususnya di rumah sakit dituntut untuk merealisasikan perluasan paradigma pelayanan kefarmasian dari orientasi produk menjadi orientasi kepada pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien rawat jalan terhadap kualitas pelayanan obat di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Liun Kendage Tahuna berdasarkan lima dimensi kualitas pelayanan yakni tangibles, emphaty, reliability, responsiveness, dan assurance. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara prospektif. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 347 orang, proses pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian dalam bentuk kuesioner dan pengolahan data untuk mengetahui validitas dan reliabilitas kuesioner menggunakan program SPSS 17 for windows. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai indeks kepuasan secara keseluruhan sebesar terbesar -0,63. Indeks kepuasan pada setiap dimensi yaitu; tangible -0,62; emphaty -0,58; reliability -0,59; responsiveness -0,59; dan assurance -0,70; Hal ini menunjukkan indeks kepuasan bernilai negatif yang berarti pasien rawat jalan di Instalasi Farmasi RSUD Liun Kendage Tahuna belum merasa puas terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan. Kata Kunci : kepuasan pasien, kualitas pelayanan, RSUD Liun Kendage Tahuna.
Gastritis is an inflammatory process in the gastric mucosa and submucosa or health problems caused by irritation and infection factors. Treatment therapy used in gastritis is the proton pump inhibitor (PPI), H2 receptor antagonists, and antacids. Giving treatment therapy used by patients has an impact on the amount of medical expenses. The purpose of this study was to determine a more cost effective therapy between the use of omeprazole and lansoprazole in hospitalized gastrtitis patients at Bhayangkara Hospital, Manado. The method used in this study is Cost Effectiveness Analysis with a retrospective data collection on the period of January - December 2018. The sample in this study was 44 patients, consisting of 25 patients using with omeprazole therapy and 19 patients with lansoprazole therapy. The results showed that the most cost-effective PPI was omeprazole with an ACER value of IDR 643,210.37 and ICER value of IDR 631,023.17/ day for each increase in effectiveness if there is a transfer from lansoprazole to omeprazole Keywords: Cost Effectiveness Analysis, Gastritis, Omeprazole, Lansoprazol. ABSTRAKGastritis adalah proses inflamasi pada mukosa dan submukosa lambung atau gangguan kesehatan yang disebabkan oleh faktor iritasi dan infeksi. Terapi pengobatan yang digunakan pada penyakit gastritis yaitu proton pump inhibitor (PPI), antagonis reseptor H2, serta antasida. Pemberian terapi pengobatan yang digunakan oleh pasien berdampak pada besarnya biaya pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan terapi yang lebih cost effective antara penggunaan omeprazol dan lansoprazol pada pasien gastrtitis rawat inap di RS Bhayangkaara Manado. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah Cost-Effectiveness Analysis dengan rancangan pengambilan data secara retrospektif pada periode Januari – Desember 2018. Sampel pada penelitian ini sebanyak 44 pasien, terdiri dari 25 pasien pengguna terapi omeprazol dan 19 pasien pengguna terapi lansoprazol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terapi PPI yang lebih cost-effective adalah omeprazol dengan nilai ACER sebesar Rp. 643.210,37 dan nilai ICER sebesar Rp. 631.023,17/hari untuk setiap peningkatan efektivitas jika akan dilakukan perpindahan dari lansoprazol ke omeprazol. Kata Kunci : Analisis Efektivitas Biaya, Gastritis, Omeprazol, Lansoprazol.
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