Cyclocarya paliurus is commonly used for
the prevention and treatment of hypertension,
diabetes, and inflammation in South China. Although research on the
anti-inflammatory effects of C. paliurus leaves has been reported, no active anti-inflammatory compounds
have been identified. In the present study, RAW 264.7 cells were used
to establish a bioactivity-guided identification model to verify the
inhibitory effects of C. paliurus leaves
on inflammation and identify the anti-inflammatory constituents. The
active fraction was isolated to yield 18 dammarane triterpenoid saponins,
including 11 new 3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoid
saponins (1–11), the structures of which were
identified on the basis of analyses of nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) and comparison with
literature data. Compounds 7, 8, 10, and 11 showed strong inhibition on nitric oxide (NO)
productions, with IC50 values ranging from 8.23 to 11.23
μM. These four compounds significantly decreased the secretion
of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide-activated
RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, compound 7 decreased the
expression of the proteins cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric-oxide
synthase (iNOS), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB/p65). In
addition, the structure–activity relationships of the isolates
were investigated. The results suggest that 3,4-seco-dammarane triterpenoid saponins may be used as potential anti-inflammatory
drugs and warrant further investigation.
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