We found that the IASLC/ATS/ERS classification identified prognostic histologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinomas among Japanese patients. Histologic subtyping and molecular testing for EGFR and KRAS mutations can help predict patient prognosis and select those who require adjuvant chemotherapy.

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Purpose Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (SRCC) ranks among the most aggressive clinicopathologic phenotypes of RCC. However, the paucity of high-quality, genome-wide molecular examinations of SRCC has hindered our understanding of this entity. Experimental Design We interrogated the mutational, copy number, and transcriptional characteristics of SRCC and compared these data with those of non-sarcomatoid RCC (RCC). We evaluated whole exome sequencing, single nucleotide polymorphism, and RNA sequencing data from patients with SRCC (n=65) and RCC (n=598) across different parent RCC subtypes, including clear cell RCC, papillary RCC, and chromophobe RCC subtypes. Results SRCC was molecularly discrete from RCC and clustered according to its parent RCC subtype, though with upregulation of TGFβ signaling across all subtypes. The epithelioid (E-) and spindled (S-) histologic components of SRCC did not show differences in mutational load among cancer related genes, despite a higher mutational burden in S-. Notably, sarcomatoid clear cell RCC (SccRCC) showed significantly fewer deletions at 3p21–25, a lower rate of two-hit loss for VHL and PBRM1, and more mutations in PTEN, TP53, and RELN compared to clear cell RCC (ccRCC). A two-hit loss involving VHL predicted for ccRCC and a better prognosis whereas mutations in PTEN, TP53, or RELN predicted for SccRCC and worse prognosis. Conclusions Sarcomatoid RCC segregates by parent subtype and SccRCC has a fundamentally different early molecular pathogenesis, usually lacking the classic 3p21–25 deletion and showing distinctive mutational and transcriptional profiles. These features prompt a more precise molecular classification of RCC with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications.

cDWI2000 appears to be more effective than mDWI1000, and at least as effective as mDWI2000 for PCa diagnosis.

Treatment with a PPI plus rebamipide improved healing rates at 8 weeks for patients with ESD-derived artificial ulcer, and appeared to be particularly effective for patients with severe atrophic gastritis.