The article focuses on the research of selected thermoplastic materials processed by the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing method and dimensional accuracy of parts in particular. The selected thermoplastic materials were ABS, PLA and HIPS. The digital model of the object (upper teeth) was obtained by the intraoral 3D scanner of 3Shape TRIOS used in dentistry. Based on the 3D (Three Dimensional) scanned digital model, the manufacturing of the upper teeth was performed on the Zortrax M200 FDM 3D printer. Parameters of the manufactured parts were as follows: Layer thickness 0.09 mm, infill 20% and model orientation 0°. The manufactured parts were digitized by the GOM ATOS Triple Scan optical 3D scanner with the measuring volume of MV 170. The dimensional accuracy of the parts was evaluated in the GOM Inspect software.
The paper deals with the issue of cutting zone and chip compression. The aim was to analyse the microstructure transverse section of the cutting zone on a metallographic cut, due to determined values of chip compression and plastic deformation, which affect the cutting process efficiency. The tested cutting tool material was coated with cemented carbide. The selected workpiece materials were C45 medium carbon steel of ISO grade and 62SiMnCr4 tool steel of ISO (W.Nr. 1.2101) grade. In the experiments, a DMG CTX alpha 500 turning centre was used. The cutting speed and feed were varied, and the depth of the cut was kept constant during the turning. The plastic deformation and chip compression determine the efficiency of the cutting process. The higher compression requires more work to perform the process and, therefore, it requires more energy for doing so. With the increase of the cutting speed, the deformation for C45 steel is decreased. The rapid deformation reduction was observed when the cutting speed was increased from 145 m/min to 180 m/min. Generally, deformation is decreasing with the increase of the feed. Only at a cutting speed of 145 m/min was the deformation elevation observed, when the feed was increased from 0.4 mm to 0.6 mm. During the turning of the 62SiMnCr4 tool steel we observed an error value at a cutting speed of 145 m/min and a feed of 0.4 mm was the middle cutting parameter. However, feed dependence was clear: With an increase of the feed, the plastic deformation was decreasing. This decreasing was more rapid with the increasing of the cutting speed. Besides plastic deformation, there was analysed chip compression as well. With the increasing of the cutting speed, there was a decrease of the chip compression. Due to a lack of information in the area of the chip compression and the plastic deformation in the cutting process, we decided to investigate the cutting zone for the turning of tool steels 62SiMnCr4, which was compared with the reference steel C45. The results could be applied to increase the efficiency of the process and improvement of the surface integrity.
Presented paper was focused on the cemented carbide tool life with used of two different PVD coatings. The first one was TiN + AlTiN + CrAlSiN compared with coating of TiSiN during the same cutting conditions. The aim of experiment was found out and compared the wear of ball nose end mill and surface roughness parameter Ra during of three different finish milling strategies. For tool life test, DMG DMU 85 monoBLOCK 5-axis CNC milling machine was used. The cutting tool flank wear was measured on Zoller Genius 3s. Taylor Hobson Surtronic 3+ was used for surface roughness parameter Ra measurements. The results show different achieved surface roughness parameter of machined material C45 and tool life of ball nose end mills depending on used milling strategies and coatings.
The paper deals with the issue of high feed machining of the hardened steels the aim was to determine dependence of the tool wear on material removed volume. The milling tools with cemented carbide cutting inserts had a cutting edge angle 20° and theoretical nose radius 1.6mm designed for milling with high values of feed. The tested workpiece material was DIN X38CrMoV53, equivalent to W.Nr. 1.2367, tool steel that was hardened and tempered what resulted in a hardness of 54 HRC. The tool wear was observed on the Zoller Genius 3s universal measuring device. The flank wear was measured with respect to the material removed volume when depth of cut and feed were varied. The flank wear was dominant tool wear type. Over the flank wear value of 0.3 mm, too large edge chipping and insert breakage were observed due to excessive wear. The highest material removed volume was observed when depth of cut of 0.5 mm and the lowest feed of 0.3 mm were used.
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