This paper examines the ability of nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) plasma discharges to improve stabilization and extend the blow-off limit of lean premixed methane-air swirl flames at pressures up to 5 bar. The effect of two discharge regimes, NRP glows and NRP sparks, was investigated. The electrical characterization of the discharges was performed and direct images at 60 Hz of the flames, with and without NRP discharges, were collected to assess the effect of the discharges on flame stabilization. Results showed that NRP discharges efficiently extended the lean blow-off and stability limits of premixed methane-air swirl flames, at pressures up to 5 bar. These results were obtained for a ratio of NRP discharge power to flame thermal power of 0.7% or less. Moreover, the peak voltage necessary to maintain constant this power ratio did not increase linearly with increased pressure, even though the reduced electric field should linearly decrease with the pressure. It was also observed that the relative effectiveness of the NRP glows and NRP sparks changed by increasing the pressure. Based on discharge physics and current knowledge of the effect of pressure on the electrical properties of flames, explanations for these results are proposed.

No abstract

This study analyzes different strategies of plasma actuation of premixed swirl flames at pressures up to 3 bar. A wide range of applied voltages and pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) is considered, resulting in different combinations of nanosecond repetitively pulsed (NRP) discharge regimes, NRP glow and NRP spark discharges. Electrical characterization of the discharges is performed, measuring voltage and current, and deposited energy and power are evaluated. The effectiveness of the plasma actuation is assessed through images of OH* chemiluminescence from the flame. From these images, the distance of the center of gravity of the flame to the burner plate is evaluated, with and without plasma actuation. The results show that strategies which involve a high percentage of NRP sparks are effective at improving flame anchoring at atmospheric pressure, while they are detrimental

This paper reports on the effects of fuel and equivalence ratio on the response of lean premixed swirl flames to acoustic perturbations of the flow, at atmospheric pressure. The response is analyzed using flame transfer functions, which relate the relative heat release rate fluctuations from the flame to the relative velocity fluctuations of the incoming flow. Two fuels, propane and methane, and five equivalence ratios are considered. The ten flames investigated are selected to exhibit the local maximum of the transfer function gain around the same frequency, 176 Hz. The results show that changing fuel and equivalence ratio influences both

The effects of the laminar burning velocity (SL), on the transfer functions of propane-air and methane-air swirl flames is experimentally investigated. Five equivalence ratios for each fuel are selected, to yield different values of SL. The flame transfer function (FTF), is obtained by comparing the velocity fluctuations of the incoming flow, measured with a hot wire, to the heat release rate oscillations, collecting OH* chemiluminescence with a photomultiplier tube. Phase-locked images of OH* chemiluminescence are also acquired to analyze the flame dynamics during the forcing cycle. The unforced velocity fields are measured by particle image velocimetry to assess the effects of SL on the flow fields. Changing the laminar burning velocity affects mainly the gain around 176 Hz and 336 Hz. This paper focuses on 336 Hz. The flame vortex roll-up is recognized as a key parameter controlling the gain of the FTF around 336 Hz. The analysis highlights that SL influences the gain response around 336 Hz in two competing ways: first, it enhances the flame vortex roll-up and second, it affects the stabilization distance of the flame, which influences the vortex generated by acoustic forcing.