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The data of inelastic 16 O+ 16 O scattering to the lowest 2 + and 3 − excited states of 16 O have been measured at E lab = 250, 350, 480, 704 and 1120 MeV and analyzed consistently in the distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA), using the semimicroscopic optical potentials and inelastic form factors given by the folding model, to reveal possible refractive structure of the nuclear rainbow that was identified earlier in the elastic 16 O+ 16 O scattering channel at the same energies. Given the known transition strengths of the 2 + 1 and 3 − 1 states of 16 O well determined from the (e, e ′ ) data, the DWBA description of the inelastic data over the whole angular range was possible only if the absorption in the exit channels is significantly increased (especially, for the 16 O+ 16 O * 2 + exit channel). Although the refractive pattern of the inelastic 16 O+ 16 O scattering was found to be less pronounced compared to that observed in the elastic scattering channel, a clear remnant of the main rainbow maximum could still be seen in the inelastic cross section at E lab = 350 − 704 MeV.

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The equation of state for cold nuclear matter is determined by the effective, density-dependent interaction between bound nucleons at temperature T = 0 . This interaction can be probed in elastic nucleus-nucleus collisions at various density overlaps which may extend to several times the normal matter density. For this purpose the elastic scattering of 16 O ions on 16 O has been measured at incident energies from 250 to 1120 MeV with high accuracy. From these data, which sample both diffractive and refractive scattering processes, we extract the underlying scattering potentials utilizing model-unrestricted analysis methods. These potentials fit very well into the systematics found in light-ion scattering and compare very favorably with microscopic calculations, if these are based on a weak density dependence of the effective NN interaction, resulting in a soft equation of state for cold nuclear matter.PACS 21.30 -Nuclear forces. PACS 21.65 -Nuclear matter. PACS 25.70.Bc -Elastic and quasielastic scattering. PACS 01.30.Cc -Conference proceedings.

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