In the early 1930's, as soon as TVA began planning for development of the Tennessee River, it was confronted by a malaria problem. Despite advances up to that time in knowledge concerning control of malaria, the disease still con stituted one of the most important public health problems of the southeastern United States, and the relationship of impoundages and malaria was well docu mented. Reservoir impoundments in the region had proved in virtually every instance to be idealbreedinggroundsforanopheline mosquitoes, and some had resulted in serious epidemics of malaria. The TVA project envisioned creation of a system of artificial lakes potentially totalling over 600,000 acres of water area and over 10,000 miles of shoreline. Impoundage of this magnitude in an area where malaria existed to a serious degree presented an unprecedented control problem. Moreover, the problem was intensified by the multipurpose character of the reservoir system which was to be operated for flood control, navigation, and the generation of power and would require flexibility in water level manage ment to meet the needs of all three purposes. The development of the malaria control program and operating experience for the period 1934â€"1947has been reV. portedupon previously (Bishopand Hinman, 1948).It isthe purposeof this report to summarize significant developments in the program since 1947.From the beginning, the TVA malaria control program has emphasized meas ures directed at control of the vector, A. quadrimaculalus. That is, the primary effort has been to prevent malaria transmission by controlling the density of the vector. Principal elements of the program are reservoir preparation, water level management, permanent shoreline improvement, shoreline and drainage mainte nance, and larviciding. Limited use has been made of house mosquito proofing and DDT premises spraying; and in a section of one reservoir (Kentucky), special malaria control easements were purchased, prohibiting nighttime occu pancy in the one-mile zone during the anopheilne breeding season.
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